Padding Oracle Attack due to Observable Timing Discrepancy in jose

Summary

CVECVE-2021-29443
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerGitHub_M
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2021-04-16 18:15:13 UTC
Updated2026-06-22 03:10:06 UTC
Descriptionjose is an npm library providing a number of cryptographic operations. In vulnerable versions AES_CBC_HMAC_SHA2 Algorithm (A128CBC-HS256, A192CBC-HS384, A256CBC-HS512) decryption would always execute both HMAC tag verification and CBC decryption, if either failed `JWEDecryptionFailed` would be thrown. A possibly observable difference in timing when padding error would occur while decrypting the ciphertext makes a padding oracle and an adversary might be able to make use of that oracle to decrypt data without knowing the decryption key by issuing on average 128*b calls to the padding oracle (where b is the number of bytes in the ciphertext block). All major release versions have had a patch released which ensures the HMAC tag is verified before performing CBC decryption. The fixed versions are `^1.28.1 || ^2.0.5 || >=3.11.4`. Users should upgrade their v1.x dependency to ^1.28.1, their v2.x dependency to ^2.0.5, and their v3.x dependency to ^3.11.4. Thanks to Jason from Microsoft Vulnerability Research (MSVR) for bringing this up and Eva Sarafianou (@esarafianou) for helping to score this advisory.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 5.9 MEDIUM from [email protected]

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Problem Types: CWE-203 | CWE-203 {"CWE-203":"Observable Discrepancy"}


VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1[email protected]Primary5.9MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
3.1[email protected]Secondary5.9MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
3.1CNADECLARED5.9MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
2.0[email protected]Primary4.3AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

CVSS v2.0 Breakdown

Access Vector
Network
Access Complexity
Medium
Authentication
None
Confidentiality
Partial
Integrity
None
Availability
None

AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N

NVD Known Affected Configurations (CPE 2.3)

TypeVendorProductVersionUpdateEditionLanguage
Application Panva Jose All All All All

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Panva Jose affected < 1.28.1 Not specified
CNA Panva Jose affected >= 2.0.0, < 2.0.5 Not specified
CNA Panva Jose affected >= 3.0.0, < 3.11.4 Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
jose - npm af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 www.npmjs.com Third Party Advisory
Padding Oracle Attack due to Observable Timing Discrepancy in jose · Advisory · panva/jose · GitHub af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 github.com Patch, Third Party Advisory
CVE Program record CVE.ORG www.cve.org canonical
NVD vulnerability detail NVD nvd.nist.gov canonical, analysis

Legacy QID Mappings

  • 982742 Nodejs (npm) Security Update for jose (GHSA-58f5-hfqc-jgch)

© CVE.report 2026

Use of this information constitutes acceptance for use in an AS IS condition. There are NO warranties, implied or otherwise, with regard to this information or its use. Any use of this information is at the user's risk. It is the responsibility of user to evaluate the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information, opinion, advice or other content. EACH USER WILL BE SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY consequences of his or her direct or indirect use of this web site. ALL WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND ARE EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED. This site will NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT or any other kind of loss.

CVE, CWE, and OVAL are registred trademarks of The MITRE Corporation and the authoritative source of CVE content is MITRE's CVE web site. This site includes MITRE data granted under the following license.

Free CVE JSON API cve.report/api

CVE.report and Source URL Uptime Status status.cve.report