IndieAuth <= 4.5.4 - Cross-Site Request Forgery to Account Takeover via Stolen OAuth Tokens

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Summary

CVECVE-2025-12028
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerWordfence
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2025-10-24 09:15:44 UTC
Updated2026-04-08 18:23:24 UTC
DescriptionThe IndieAuth plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 4.5.4. This is due to missing nonce verification on the `login_form_indieauth()` function and the authorization endpoint at wp-login.php?action=indieauth. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to force authenticated users to approve OAuth authorization requests for attacker-controlled applications via a forged request granted they can trick a user into performing an action such as clicking on a link or visiting a malicious page while logged in. The attacker can then exchange the stolen authorization code for an access token, effectively taking over the victim's account with the granted scopes (create, update, delete).

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 8.8 HIGH from [email protected]

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS: 0.000290000 probability, percentile 0.081580000 (date 2026-04-08)

Problem Types: CWE-352 | CWE-352 CWE-352 Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1[email protected]Secondary8.8HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
3.1CNADECLARED8.8HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Indieweb IndieAuth affected 4.5.4 semver Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/42b373da-d5a6-4e3b-90f4-059da... [email protected] www.wordfence.com
plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/indieauth/tags/4.5.4/includes/class-indieauth-authori... [email protected] plugins.trac.wordpress.org
plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3384558 [email protected] plugins.trac.wordpress.org
plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/indieauth/tags/4.5.4/includes/class-indieauth-authori... [email protected] plugins.trac.wordpress.org
plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/indieauth/tags/4.5.4/includes/class-indieauth-authori... [email protected] plugins.trac.wordpress.org
CVE Program record CVE.ORG www.cve.org canonical
NVD vulnerability detail NVD nvd.nist.gov canonical, analysis

Vendor Comments And Credit

Discovery Credit

CNA: Jonas Benjamin Friedli (en)

Additional Advisory Data

SourceTimeEvent
CNA2025-10-23T19:57:03.000ZDisclosed
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