Org.keycloak/keycloak-services: jwt token cache exhaustion leading to denial of service (dos) in keycloak

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Summary

CVECVE-2025-2559
StatePUBLISHED
Assignerredhat
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2025-03-25 09:15:17 UTC
Updated2026-05-06 17:16:19 UTC
DescriptionA flaw was found in Keycloak. When the configuration uses JWT tokens for authentication, the tokens are cached until expiration. If a client uses JWT tokens with an excessively long expiration time, for example, 24 or 48 hours, the cache can grow indefinitely, leading to an OutOfMemoryError. This issue could result in a denial of service condition, preventing legitimate users from accessing the system.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 4.9 MEDIUM from [email protected]

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Problem Types: CWE-770 | CWE-770 Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1[email protected]Secondary4.9MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
3.1CNACVSS4.9MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
High
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Red Hat Red Hat Build Of Keycloak Not specified Not specified
CNA Red Hat Red Hat Build Of Keycloak 26.0 unaffected 26.0.11-2 * rpm Not specified
CNA Red Hat Red Hat Build Of Keycloak 26.0 unaffected 26.0-12 * rpm Not specified
CNA Red Hat Red Hat Build Of Keycloak 26.0 unaffected 26.0-13 * rpm Not specified
CNA Red Hat Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 Not specified Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi [email protected] bugzilla.redhat.com
github.com/keycloak/keycloak/issues/38576 [email protected] github.com
access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:4335 [email protected] access.redhat.com
access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:4336 [email protected] access.redhat.com
github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/a10c8119d4452b866b90a9019b2cc1599192... [email protected] github.com
access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-2559 [email protected] access.redhat.com
CVE Program record CVE.ORG www.cve.org canonical
NVD vulnerability detail NVD nvd.nist.gov canonical, analysis

Additional Advisory Data

SourceTimeEvent
CNA2025-03-20T11:46:08.046ZReported to Red Hat.
CNA2025-03-20T00:00:00.000ZMade public.
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