Apache Commons BeanUtils: PropertyUtilsBean does not suppresses an enum's declaredClass property by default

MITRE NVD CVE.ORG JSON API

Summary

CVECVE-2025-48734
StatePUBLISHED
Assignerapache
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2025-05-28 14:15:34 UTC
Updated2026-11-03 22:17:41 UTC
DescriptionImproper Access Control vulnerability in Apache Commons. A special BeanIntrospector class was added in version 1.9.2. This can be used to stop attackers from using the declared class property of Java enum objects to get access to the classloader. However this protection was not enabled by default. PropertyUtilsBean (and consequently BeanUtilsBean) now disallows declared class level property access by default. Releases 1.11.0 and 2.0.0-M2 address a potential security issue when accessing enum properties in an uncontrolled way. If an application using Commons BeanUtils passes property paths from an external source directly to the getProperty() method of PropertyUtilsBean, an attacker can access the enum’s class loader via the “declaredClass” property available on all Java “enum” objects. Accessing the enum’s “declaredClass” allows remote attackers to access the ClassLoader and execute arbitrary code. The same issue exists with PropertyUtilsBean.getNestedProperty(). Starting in versions 1.11.0 and 2.0.0-M2 a special BeanIntrospector suppresses the “declaredClass” property. Note that this new BeanIntrospector is enabled by default, but you can disable it to regain the old behavior; see section 2.5 of the user's guide and the unit tests. This issue affects Apache Commons BeanUtils 1.x before 1.11.0, and 2.x before 2.0.0-M2.Users of the artifact commons-beanutils:commons-beanutils 1.x are recommended to upgrade to version 1.11.0, which fixes the issue. Users of the artifact org.apache.commons:commons-beanutils2 2.x are recommended to upgrade to version 2.0.0-M2, which fixes the issue.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 8.8 HIGH from ADP

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS: 0.020180000 probability, percentile 0.809550000 (date 2026-11-03)

Problem Types: CWE-284 | NVD-CWE-Other | CWE-284 CWE-284 Improper Access Control

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1ADPDECLARED8.8HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
3.1134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0Secondary8.8HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

NVD Known Affected Configurations (CPE 2.3)

TypeVendorProductVersionUpdateEditionLanguage
Application Apache Commons Beanutils All All All All
Application Apache Commons Beanutils 2.0.0 milestone1 All All

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Apache Software Foundation Apache Commons BeanUtils 1.x affected 1.0 1.11.0 maven Not specified
CNA Apache Software Foundation Apache Commons BeanUtils 2.x affected 2.0.0-M1 2.0.0-M2 maven Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/05/28/6 af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 www.openwall.com Mailing List, Third Party Advisory
lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/06/msg00027.html af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 lists.debian.org
lists.apache.org/thread/s0hb3jkfj5f3ryx6c57zqtfohb0of1g9 [email protected] lists.apache.org Mailing List, Vendor Advisory
CVE Program record CVE.ORG www.cve.org canonical
NVD vulnerability detail NVD nvd.nist.gov canonical, analysis

Vendor Comments And Credit

Discovery Credit

CNA: Raj (mailto:[email protected]) (en)

CNA: Muthukumar Marikani (mailto:[email protected]) (en)

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