ZITADEL Vulnerable to Account Takeover via Malicious Forwarded Header Injection

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Summary

CVECVE-2025-64101
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerGitHub_M
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2025-10-29 19:15:38 UTC
Updated2026-10-19 13:10:00 UTC
DescriptionZitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. Prior to 4.6.0, 3.4.3, and 2.71.18, a potential vulnerability exists in ZITADEL's password reset mechanism. ZITADEL utilizes the Forwarded or X-Forwarded-Host header from incoming requests to construct the URL for the password reset confirmation link. This link, containing a secret code, is then emailed to the user. If an attacker can manipulate these headers (e.g., via host header injection), they could cause ZITADEL to generate a password reset link pointing to a malicious domain controlled by the attacker. If the user clicks this manipulated link in the email, the secret reset code embedded in the URL can be captured by the attacker. This captured code could then be used to reset the user's password and gain unauthorized access to their account. It's important to note that this specific attack vector is mitigated for accounts that have Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) or Passwordless authentication enabled. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.6.0, 3.4.3, and 2.71.18.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 8.8 HIGH from [email protected]

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Problem Types: CWE-601 | CWE-640 | CWE-601 CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') | CWE-640 CWE-640: Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1[email protected]Primary8.8HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
3.1[email protected]Secondary8.1HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
3.1CNADECLARED8.1HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

NVD Known Affected Configurations (CPE 2.3)

TypeVendorProductVersionUpdateEditionLanguage
Application Zitadel Zitadel All All All All

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Zitadel Zitadel affected >= 4.0.0-rc.1, < 4.6.0 Not specified
CNA Zitadel Zitadel affected >= 3.0.0-rc.1, < 3.4.3 Not specified
CNA Zitadel Zitadel affected >= 2.0.0, < 2.71.18 Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/72a5c33e6ac302b978d564bd049f9364f5a989b1 [email protected] github.com Patch
github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-mwmh-7px9-4c23 [email protected] github.com Vendor Advisory
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