Userspace privilege escalation vulnerability on Cortex M

MITRE NVD CVE.ORG JSON API

Summary

CVECVE-2025-9408
StatePUBLISHED
Assignerzephyr
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2025-11-11 16:15:40 UTC
Updated2026-10-13 20:17:01 UTC
DescriptionSystem call entry on Cortex M (and possibly R and A, but I think not) has a race which allows very practical privilege escalation for malicious userspace processes.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 8.1 HIGH from [email protected]

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS: 0.001230000 probability, percentile 0.018410000 (date 2026-10-13)

Problem Types: CWE-270 | CWE-270 Privilege Context Switching Error

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1[email protected]Secondary8.1HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
3.1CNACVSS8.2HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Zephyrproject-rtos Zephyr affected * 3.7.2 git Not specified
CNA Zephyrproject-rtos Zephyr affected 4.0.0 4.2.2 git Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/security/advisories/GHSA-3r6j-5mp3-... [email protected] github.com
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