Zero Motorcycles Firmware Key Exchange without Entity Authentication

Summary

CVECVE-2026-1354
StatePUBLISHED
Assignericscert
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-04-21 22:16:18 UTC
Updated2026-04-22 21:23:52 UTC
DescriptionZero Motorcycles firmware versions 44 and prior enable an attacker to forcibly pair a device with the motorcycle via Bluetooth. Once paired, an attacker can utilize over-the-air firmware updating functionality to potentially upload malicious firmware to the motorcycle. The motorcycle must first be in Bluetooth pairing mode, and the attacker must be in proximity of the vehicle and understand the full pairing process, to be able to pair their device with the vehicle. The attacker's device must remain paired with and in proximity of the motorcycle for the entire duration of the firmware update.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v4.0 5.9 MEDIUM from [email protected]

CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

EPSS: 0.000200000 probability, percentile 0.056230000 (date 2026-04-22)

Problem Types: CWE-322 | CWE-322 CWE-322


VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
4.0[email protected]Secondary5.9MEDIUMCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/C...
4.0CNACVSS5.9MEDIUMCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
3.1[email protected]Secondary6.4MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
3.1CNACVSS6.4MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

CVSS v4.0 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Adjacent
Attack Complexity
High
Attack Requirements
Present
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Passive
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
High
Sub Conf.
None
Sub Integrity
None
Sub Availability
None

CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Adjacent
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Zero Motorcycles Zero Motorcycles Firmware affected 44 custom Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2026/icsa-26-11... [email protected] github.com
www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-111-06 [email protected] www.cisa.gov
CVE Program record CVE.ORG www.cve.org canonical
NVD vulnerability detail NVD nvd.nist.gov canonical, analysis

Vendor Comments And Credit

Discovery Credit

CNA: Persephone Karnstein of Bureau Veritas Cybersecurity North America reported this vulnerability to CISA. (en)

Additional Advisory Data

Workarounds

CNA: Zero Motorcycles has investigated this report and cautions users to pair their mobile device to their vehicle in a safe location where they can be sure no one else will try to pair at the same time. Once initiated, complete the full pairing process and confirm it is successful. Store physical keys in a secure location and do not leave the bike unattended with the key in the "ON" position. Zero Motorcycles plans to address this issue in a firmware update scheduled for release in May 2026. Update the firmware to the latest available version.

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