mchange-commons-java: Remote Code Execution via JNDI Reference Resolution
Summary
| CVE | CVE-2026-27727 |
|---|---|
| State | PUBLISHED |
| Assigner | GitHub_M |
| Source Priority | CVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback |
| Published | 2026-02-25 17:25:39 UTC |
| Updated | 2026-07-02 12:17:01 UTC |
| Description | mchange-commons-java, a library that provides Java utilities, includes code that mirrors early implementations of JNDI functionality, including support for remote `factoryClassLocation` values, by which code can be downloaded and invoked within a running application. If an attacker can provoke an application to read a maliciously crafted `jaxax.naming.Reference` or serialized object, they can provoke the download and execution of malicious code. Implementations of this functionality within the JDK were disabled by default behind a System property that defaults to `false`, `com.sun.jndi.ldap.object.trustURLCodebase`. However, since mchange-commons-java includes an independent implementation of JNDI derefencing, libraries (such as c3p0) that resolve references via that implementation could be provoked to download and execute malicious code even after the JDK was hardened. Mirroring the JDK patch, mchange-commons-java's JNDI functionality is gated by configuration parameters that default to restrictive values starting in version 0.4.0. No known workarounds are available. Versions prior to 0.4.0 should be avoided on application CLASSPATHs. |
Risk And Classification
Primary CVSS: v4.0 8.9 HIGH from [email protected]
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS: 0.008120000 probability, percentile 0.524830000 (date 2026-07-02)
Problem Types: CWE-74 | CWE-502 | CWE-74 CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection') | CWE-502 Deserialization of Untrusted Data
| Version | Source | Type | Score | Severity | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.0 | [email protected] | Secondary | 8.9 | HIGH | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/C... |
| 4.0 | CNA | DECLARED | 8.9 | HIGH | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H |
| 3.1 | [email protected] | Primary | 9.8 | CRITICAL | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H |
| 3.1 | ADP | CVSS | 8.3 | HIGH | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H |
| 3.1 | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | Secondary | 8.3 | HIGH | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H |
CVSS v4.0 Breakdown
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
CVSS v3.1 Breakdown
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
NVD Known Affected Configurations (CPE 2.3)
| Type | Vendor | Product | Version | Update | Edition | Language |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Application | Mchange | Mchange Commons Java | All | All | All | All |
Vendor Declared Affected Products
References
| Reference | Source | Link | Tags |
|---|---|---|---|
| access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4285 | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | access.redhat.com | |
| github.com/swaldman/mchange-commons-java/security/advisories/GHSA-m2cm-2... | [email protected] | github.com | Patch, Vendor Advisory |
| access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:18054 | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | access.redhat.com | |
| access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14874 | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | access.redhat.com | |
| access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:18059 | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | access.redhat.com | |
| bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | bugzilla.redhat.com | |
| www.mchange.com/projects/c3p0 | [email protected] | www.mchange.com | Issue Tracking |
| access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:3890 | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | access.redhat.com | |
| www.mchange.com/projects/c3p0 | [email protected] | www.mchange.com | Release Notes |
| access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:14873 | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | access.redhat.com | |
| access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:34365 | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | access.redhat.com | |
| mogwailabs.de/en/blog/2025/02/c3p0-you-little-rascal | [email protected] | mogwailabs.de | Exploit, Third Party Advisory |
| access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-27727 | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | access.redhat.com | |
| access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:18055 | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | access.redhat.com | |
| security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-27727.json | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | security.access.redhat.com | |
| CVE Program record | CVE.ORG | www.cve.org | canonical |
| NVD vulnerability detail | NVD | nvd.nist.gov | canonical, analysis |
Additional Advisory Data
| Source | Time | Event |
|---|---|---|
| ADP | 2026-02-25T17:04:31.254Z | Reported to Red Hat. |
| ADP | 2026-02-25T16:01:04.187Z | Made public. |
Solutions
ADP: RHSA-2026:18054: Red Hat JBoss EAP 8.1 for RHEL 8
ADP: RHSA-2026:14874: Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 8, Red Hat Satellite 6.16 for RHEL 9
ADP: RHSA-2026:18055: Red Hat JBoss EAP 8.1 for RHEL 9
ADP: RHSA-2026:14873: Red Hat Satellite 6.17 for RHEL 9
ADP: RHSA-2026:34365: Red Hat Satellite 6.19 for RHEL 9
ADP: RHSA-2026:4285: Red Hat Build of Debezium 3.2
ADP: RHSA-2026:18059: Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1
ADP: RHSA-2026:3890: Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4.14.4 for Spring Boot 3.5.11
Workarounds
ADP: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.