Predictable DNS Transaction IDs Enable Cache Poisoning in Built-in Resolver

Summary

CVECVE-2026-28810
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerEEF
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-04-07 09:16:20 UTC
Updated2026-04-07 13:20:11 UTC
DescriptionGeneration of Predictable Numbers or Identifiers vulnerability in Erlang/OTP kernel (inet_res, inet_db modules) allows DNS Cache Poisoning. The built-in DNS resolver (inet_res) uses a sequential, process-global 16-bit transaction ID for UDP queries and does not implement source port randomization. Response validation relies almost entirely on this ID, making DNS cache poisoning practical for an attacker who can observe one query or predict the next ID. This conflicts with RFC 5452 recommendations for mitigating forged DNS answers. inet_res is intended for use in trusted network environments and with trusted recursive resolvers. Earlier documentation did not clearly state this deployment assumption, which could lead users to deploy the resolver in environments where spoofed DNS responses are possible. This vulnerability is associated with program files lib/kernel/src/inet_db.erl and lib/kernel/src/inet_res.erl. This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 until OTP 28.4.2, 27.3.4.10 and 26.2.5.19 corresponding to kernel from 3.0 until 10.6.2, 10.2.7.4 and 9.2.4.11.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v4.0 6.3 MEDIUM from 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

EPSS: 0.000500000 probability, percentile 0.155830000 (date 2026-04-07)

Problem Types: CWE-340 | CWE-340 CWE-340 Generation of Predictable Numbers or Identifiers


VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
4.06b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49dbSecondary6.3MEDIUMCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/C...
4.0CNACVSS6.3MEDIUMCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS v4.0 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
None
Sub Conf.
None
Sub Integrity
None
Sub Availability
None

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Erlang OTP affected 3.0 * otp Not specified
CNA Erlang OTP affected 17.0 * otp Not specified
CNA Erlang OTP affected 07b8f441ca711f9812fad9e9115bab3c3aa92f79 * git Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
github.com/erlang/otp/commit/36f23c9d2cc54afe83671dd7343596d7972839a5 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db github.com
github.com/erlang/otp/commit/dd15e8eb03548c5e55e9915f0e91389ec6bad9fd 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db github.com
www.erlang.org/doc/system/versions.html 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db www.erlang.org
github.com/erlang/otp/commit/b057a9d995017b1be50d6dc02edd52382f3231b8 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db github.com
github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-v884-5jg5-whj8 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db github.com
osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-28810 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db osv.dev
cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-28810.html 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db cna.erlef.org
CVE Program record CVE.ORG www.cve.org canonical
NVD vulnerability detail NVD nvd.nist.gov canonical, analysis

Vendor Comments And Credit

Discovery Credit

CNA: Luigino Camastra / Aisle Research (en)

CNA: Raimo Niskanen (en)

Additional Advisory Data

Workarounds

CNA: Install the Erlang nodes in a trusted network shielded from DNS reply spoofing by firewalls, and configure the inet_res resolver to only talk to trusted recursive name servers within that network.

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