Forge has signature forgery in Ed25519 due to missing S > L check
Summary
| CVE | CVE-2026-33895 |
|---|---|
| State | PUBLISHED |
| Assigner | GitHub_M |
| Source Priority | CVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback |
| Published | 2026-03-27 21:17:26 UTC |
| Updated | 2026-07-02 12:17:07 UTC |
| Description | Forge (also called `node-forge`) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. Prior to version 1.4.0, Ed25519 signature verification accepts forged non-canonical signatures where the scalar S is not reduced modulo the group order (`S >= L`). A valid signature and its `S + L` variant both verify in forge, while Node.js `crypto.verify` (OpenSSL-backed) rejects the `S + L` variant, as defined by the specification. This class of signature malleability has been exploited in practice to bypass authentication and authorization logic (see CVE-2026-25793, CVE-2022-35961). Applications relying on signature uniqueness (i.e., dedup by signature bytes, replay tracking, signed-object canonicalization checks) may be bypassed. Version 1.4.0 patches the issue. |
Risk And Classification
Primary CVSS: v3.1 7.5 HIGH from ADP
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
EPSS: 0.003480000 probability, percentile 0.267690000 (date 2026-07-04)
Problem Types: CWE-347 | CWE-347 CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature | CWE-347 Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
| Version | Source | Type | Score | Severity | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.1 | ADP | CVSS | 7.5 | HIGH | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N |
| 3.1 | [email protected] | Secondary | 7.5 | HIGH | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N |
| 3.1 | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | Secondary | 7.5 | HIGH | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N |
| 3.1 | CNA | DECLARED | 7.5 | HIGH | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N |
CVSS v3.1 Breakdown
Attack Vector
NetworkAttack Complexity
LowPrivileges Required
NoneUser Interaction
NoneScope
UnchangedConfidentiality
NoneIntegrity
HighAvailability
NoneCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
NVD Known Affected Configurations (CPE 2.3)
| Type | Vendor | Product | Version | Update | Edition | Language |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Application | Digitalbazaar | Forge | All | All | All | All |
Vendor Declared Affected Products
| Source | Vendor | Product | Version | Platforms |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CNA | Digitalbazaar | Forge | affected < 1.4.0 | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 For RHEL 8 | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 For RHEL 9 | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Cluster Observability Operator 1.5.0 | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Red Hat Developer Hub 1.8 | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9 | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Logging Subsystem For Red Hat OpenShift | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Red Hat Build Of Apicurio Registry 2 | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Red Hat Build Of Podman Desktop | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Red Hat Data Grid 8 | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Red Hat Quay 3 | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Cryostat 4 | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2 | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Red Hat Build Of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4 | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 | Not specified | Not specified |
| ADP | Red Hat | Red Hat Process Automation 7 | Not specified | Not specified |
References
| Reference | Source | Link | Tags |
|---|---|---|---|
| security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-33895.json | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | security.access.redhat.com | |
| access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:34342 | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | access.redhat.com | |
| access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:9742 | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | access.redhat.com | |
| datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8032 | [email protected] | datatracker.ietf.org | Third Party Advisory |
| access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-33895 | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | access.redhat.com | |
| bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | bugzilla.redhat.com | |
| github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/security/advisories/GHSA-q67f-28xg-22rw | 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 | github.com | Vendor Advisory |
| access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13826 | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | access.redhat.com | |
| github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/commit/bdecf11571c9f1a487cc0fe72fe78ff6df... | [email protected] | github.com | Patch |
| access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:24761 | 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c | access.redhat.com | |
| CVE Program record | CVE.ORG | www.cve.org | canonical |
| NVD vulnerability detail | NVD | nvd.nist.gov | canonical, analysis |
No vendor comments have been submitted for this CVE.
Additional Advisory Data
| Source | Time | Event |
|---|---|---|
| ADP | 2026-03-27T21:02:18.484Z | Reported to Red Hat. |
| ADP | 2026-03-27T20:47:54.492Z | Made public. |
Solutions
ADP: RHSA-2026:24761: Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 8, Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 9
ADP: RHSA-2026:34342: Cluster Observability Operator 1.5.0
ADP: RHSA-2026:9742: Red Hat Developer Hub 1.8
ADP: RHSA-2026:13826: Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9
Workarounds
ADP: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
There are currently no legacy QID mappings associated with this CVE.