SAIL has heap buffer overflow in XWD decoder — bits_per_pixel vs pixmap_depth type confusion in byte-swap

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Summary

CVECVE-2026-40492
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerGitHub_M
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-04-18 03:16:13 UTC
Updated2026-04-18 03:16:13 UTC
DescriptionSAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. Prior to commit 36aa5c7ec8a2bb35f6fb867a1177a6f141156b02, the XWD codec resolves pixel format based on `pixmap_depth` but the byte-swap code uses `bits_per_pixel` independently. When `pixmap_depth=8` (BPP8_INDEXED, 1 byte/pixel buffer) but `bits_per_pixel=32`, the byte-swap loop accesses memory as `uint32_t*`, reading/writing 4x the allocated buffer size. This is a different vulnerability from the previously reported GHSA-3g38-x2pj-mv55 (CVE-2026-27168), which addressed `bytes_per_line` validation. Commit 36aa5c7ec8a2bb35f6fb867a1177a6f141156b02 contains a patch.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 9.8 CRITICAL from [email protected]

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Problem Types: CWE-787 | CWE-787 CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1[email protected]Secondary9.8CRITICALCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
3.1CNADECLARED9.8CRITICALCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA HappySeaFox Sail affected < 36aa5c7ec8a2bb35f6fb867a1177a6f141156b02 Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/security/advisories/GHSA-526v-vm72-4v64 [email protected] github.com
github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/commit/36aa5c7ec8a2bb35f6fb867a1177a6f141156b02 [email protected] github.com
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