nuts-node: JWT type confusion in v1 access token introspection allows VP replay as access token

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Summary

CVECVE-2026-41164
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerGitHub_M
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-05-26 18:16:47 UTC
Updated2026-05-26 20:24:19 UTC
Descriptionnuts-node is the reference implementation of the Nuts specification. Prior to 6.2.3 and 5.4.31, the v1 access token introspection endpoint (/auth/v1/introspect_access_token) accepts any JWT signed by a key present on the node, without validating the JWT type, issuer-to-key binding, or required claims. This allows a Verifiable Presentation (VP) JWT to be replayed as an access token and receive an active: true introspection response. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.2.3 and 5.4.31.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 4.4 MEDIUM from [email protected]

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

EPSS: 0.000140000 probability, percentile 0.026440000 (date 2026-05-29)

Problem Types: CWE-345 | CWE-345 CWE-345: Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1[email protected]Secondary4.4MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
3.1CNADECLARED4.4MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Nuts-foundation Nuts-node affected >= 6.0.0-alpha.1, < 6.2.3 Not specified
CNA Nuts-foundation Nuts-node affected < 5.4.31 Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
github.com/nuts-foundation/nuts-node/security/advisories/GHSA-9hmg-827w-... [email protected] github.com
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