Crash during DNSSEC validation of malicious content
Summary
| CVE | CVE-2026-42959 |
|---|---|
| State | PUBLISHED |
| Assigner | NLnet Labs |
| Source Priority | CVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback |
| Published | 2026-05-20 10:16:27 UTC |
| Updated | 2026-05-20 22:51:00 UTC |
| Description | NLnet Labs Unbound up to and including version 1.25.0 has a denial of service vulnerability in the DNSSEC validator that can lead to a crash given malicious upstream replies. When Unbound constructs chase-reply messages for validation, the code uses the wrong counter to calculate write offsets for ADDITIONAL section rrsets. DNAME duplication could increase the ANSWER section count and authority filtering could decrease the AUTHORITY section count and create an uninitialized array slot. Combining these two, the validator later dereferences this uninitialized pointer, causing an immediate process crash. An adversary controlling a DNSSEC-signed domain can trigger this bug with a single query by configuring a DNAME chain with unsigned CNAMEs and a response containing unsigned AUTHORITY records alongside signed ADDITIONAL glue records. Unbound 1.25.1 contains a patch with a fix to use the proper counters to calculate the write offsets. |
Risk And Classification
Primary CVSS: v4.0 8.7 HIGH from [email protected]
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:Red
EPSS: 0.000580000 probability, percentile 0.182690000 (date 2026-05-27)
Problem Types: CWE-824 | CWE-824 CWE-824: Access of Uninitialized Pointer
| Version | Source | Type | Score | Severity | Vector |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.0 | [email protected] | Secondary | 8.7 | HIGH | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/C... |
| 4.0 | CNA | CVSS | 8.7 | HIGH | CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/U:Red |
| 3.1 | [email protected] | Primary | 7.5 | HIGH | CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H |
CVSS v4.0 Breakdown
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:Red
CVSS v3.1 Breakdown
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
NVD Known Affected Configurations (CPE 2.3)
Vendor Declared Affected Products
| Source | Vendor | Product | Version | Platforms |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CNA | NLnet Labs | Unbound | affected 1.25.1 semver | Not specified |
References
| Reference | Source | Link | Tags |
|---|---|---|---|
| www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/unbound/CVE-2026-42959.txt | [email protected] | www.nlnetlabs.nl | Mitigation, Vendor Advisory |
| CVE Program record | CVE.ORG | www.cve.org | canonical |
| NVD vulnerability detail | NVD | nvd.nist.gov | canonical, analysis |
Vendor Comments And Credit
Discovery Credit
CNA: Qifan Zhang (Palo Alto Networks) (en)
Additional Advisory Data
| Source | Time | Event |
|---|---|---|
| CNA | 2026-04-15T00:00:00.000Z | Issue reported by Qifan Zhang |
| CNA | 2026-04-29T00:00:00.000Z | NLnet Labs shares patch |
| CNA | 2026-04-29T00:00:00.000Z | Qifan Zhang verifies patch |
| CNA | 2026-05-20T00:00:00.000Z | Fixes released with version 1.25.1 |
Solutions
CNA: This issue is fixed starting with version 1.25.1
CNA: Configuring 'val-clean-additional: no' (non-default) bypasses the vulnerable code in vulnerable versions