CR Injection in SSE Encoder Enables Event Splitting via cow_sse:event/1

Summary

CVECVE-2026-43968
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerEEF
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-05-11 19:16:25 UTC
Updated2026-05-11 19:16:25 UTC
DescriptionImproper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection') vulnerability in ninenines cowlib allows SSE event splitting and injection via unvalidated field values. cow_sse:event/1 in cowlib guards the id and event fields against \n but not against bare \r, and the internal prefix_lines/2 function used for data and comment fields splits only on \n. Because the SSE specification requires decoders to treat \r\n, \r, and \n as equivalent line terminators, an attacker who controls any of these fields can inject additional SSE lines and forge a complete event with an arbitrary event type and data payload on the receiving end. In typical deployments where browser EventSource clients or other SSE consumers dispatch on event.type and render event.data, this enables event splitting, client-side logic manipulation, and stored-XSS-equivalent behaviour when event data is inserted into the DOM. This issue affects cowlib from 2.6.0.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v4.0 6.3 MEDIUM from 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Problem Types: CWE-93 | CWE-93 CWE-93 Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')


VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
4.06b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49dbSecondary6.3MEDIUMCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/C...
4.0CNACVSS6.3MEDIUMCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N

CVSS v4.0 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
Present
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
None
Sub Conf.
None
Sub Integrity
Low
Sub Availability
None

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Ninenines Cowlib affected 2.6.0 semver Not specified
CNA Ninenines Cowlib affected 93b2b897cde238506c803faad4d1602d79dba7c9 git Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-43968.html 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db cna.erlef.org
osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-43968 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db osv.dev
github.com/ninenines/cowlib/commit/6165fc40efa159ba1cceee7e7981e790acba5d9c 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db github.com
CVE Program record CVE.ORG www.cve.org canonical
NVD vulnerability detail NVD nvd.nist.gov canonical, analysis

Vendor Comments And Credit

Discovery Credit

CNA: Peter Ullrich (en)

CNA: Loïc Hoguin (en)

Additional Advisory Data

Workarounds

CNA: Sanitize user-controlled values before passing them to cow_sse:event/1: reject or strip any value containing \r or \n characters in the id, event, data, and comment fields. Alternatively, ensure that all SSE field values are derived exclusively from trusted, application-controlled data rather than user input.

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