vm2: NodeVM builtin allowlist bypass via `module` builtin's `Module._load` allows sandbox escape

MITRE NVD CVE.ORG JSON API

Summary

CVECVE-2026-43999
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerGitHub_M
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-05-13 18:16:16 UTC
Updated2026-07-15 02:21:47 UTC
Descriptionvm2 is an open source vm/sandbox for Node.js. Prior to 3.11.0, NodeVM's builtin allowlist can be bypassed when the module builtin is allowed (including via the '*' wildcard). The module builtin exposes Node's Module._load(), which loads any module by name directly in the host context, completely bypassing vm2's builtin restriction. This allows sandboxed code to load excluded builtins like child_process and achieve remote code execution. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.11.0.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 9.9 CRITICAL from ADP

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS: 0.009740000 probability, percentile 0.581200000 (date 2026-07-18)

Problem Types: CWE-863 | CWE-829 | CWE-863 CWE-863: Incorrect Authorization | CWE-829 Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1ADPCVSS9.9CRITICALCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
3.1[email protected]Secondary9.9CRITICALCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
3.10b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46cSecondary9.9CRITICALCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
3.1CNADECLARED9.9CRITICALCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

NVD Known Affected Configurations (CPE 2.3)

TypeVendorProductVersionUpdateEditionLanguage
Application Vm2 Project Vm2 All All All All

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Patriksimek Vm2 affected < 3.11.0 Not specified
ADP Red Hat Red Hat Developer Hub Not specified Not specified
ADP Red Hat Self-service Automation Portal 2 Not specified Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-43999.json 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c security.access.redhat.com
github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-947f-4v7f-x2v8 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 github.com Exploit, Mitigation, Vendor Advisory
bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c bugzilla.redhat.com
access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43999 0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c access.redhat.com
CVE Program record CVE.ORG www.cve.org canonical
NVD vulnerability detail NVD nvd.nist.gov canonical, analysis

Additional Advisory Data

SourceTimeEvent
ADP2026-05-13T18:01:40.919ZReported to Red Hat.
ADP2026-05-13T17:21:22.308ZMade public.

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