Anchor: Program<'info, System> is not properly validated

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Summary

CVECVE-2026-45137
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerGitHub_M
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-05-27 21:16:18 UTC
Updated2026-05-27 21:16:18 UTC
DescriptionAnchor is a framework providing several convenient developer tools for writing Solana programs. From 1.0.0 to before 1.0.2, an logic error causes anchor programs to accept any program id when requiring the system program id, causing false assumptions resulting in potential arbitrary cpi in programs that invoke system program instructions. In the TryFrom<&'a AccountInfo<'a>> implementation for Program<'a, T>, the id of T is compared with Pubkey::default() to check whether anchor should allow any executable account, or a specific account, because when no T is supplied, T defaults to (), which implements Id::id() by returning Pubkey::default(). This results in T = () and T = System (which has Pubkey::default() as the id) having the same behavior, both allow any executable account. Programs built with anchor assume that the anchor runtime verifies passed in programs of type Program<'a, System> are in fact the system program. This false assumption can lead to arbitrary CPI or payment bypassing when programs try making CPI calls to the system program using the passed in system program due to the fact that the attacker can pass in any program instead of the system program. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.0.2.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 8.2 HIGH from [email protected]

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

Problem Types: CWE-20 | CWE-20 CWE-20: Improper Input Validation

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1[email protected]Secondary8.2HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N
3.1CNADECLARED8.2HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
High
Availability
None

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Solana-foundation Anchor affected >= 1.0.0, < 1.0.2 Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
github.com/otter-sec/anchor/security/advisories/GHSA-c6rc-8jpp-2fgc [email protected] github.com
CVE Program record CVE.ORG www.cve.org canonical
NVD vulnerability detail NVD nvd.nist.gov canonical, analysis
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