PraisonAI's unauthenticated A2A official example can reach real LLM-driven `eval()` tool execution

MITRE NVD CVE.ORG JSON API

Summary

CVECVE-2026-47391
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerGitHub_M
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-07-21 16:17:11 UTC
Updated2026-07-21 18:59:43 UTC
DescriptionPraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to version 4.6.40, PraisonAI's first-party A2A server example exposes an unauthenticated A2A JSON-RPC endpoint and registers a `calculate(expression)` tool implemented with Python `eval()`. The example also binds to `0.0.0.0`. A remote unauthenticated attacker can send `message/send` to `/a2a`; the request reaches `agent.chat()`, and a real LLM can invoke the registered `calculate` tool. In testing with `gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite`, this resulted in arbitrary Python execution in the server process, confirmed by creation of a marker file from an unauthenticated HTTP request. The issue affects deployments following the official A2A example or similar unauthenticated public A2A deployments with unsafe tools. The default unauthenticated A2A surface also exposes task history and task cancellation APIs, increasing confidentiality and integrity impact. Version 4.6.40 patches the issue.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 9.8 CRITICAL from [email protected]

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Problem Types: CWE-95 | CWE-306 | CWE-95 CWE-95: Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection') | CWE-306 CWE-306: Missing Authentication for Critical Function

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1[email protected]Secondary9.8CRITICALCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
3.1CNADECLARED9.8CRITICALCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA MervinPraison PraisonAI affected < 4.6.40 Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/commit/e0fb8e7dd1ee6759c18ed07f436c21... [email protected] github.com
github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-vg22-4gmj-prxw [email protected] github.com
github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/pull/1793 [email protected] github.com
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