vLLM: Remote DoS in vLLM via Invalid Recovered Token Reinjection

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Summary

CVECVE-2026-54234
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerGitHub_M
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-07-06 21:16:56 UTC
Updated2026-07-07 15:16:48 UTC
DescriptionvLLM is a high-throughput and memory-efficient inference and serving engine for LLMs. Prior to 0.24.0, a frontend-legal multi-request speculative decoding workload can cause the rejection sampler to produce a recovered token equal to the model vocabulary size boundary value, which is then converted to negative one when the engine selects the next live token for a request and is written back into the drafter's input ids; that out-of-vocabulary value is later consumed by the model's embedding and attention path and crashes the engine worker with a GPU device-side assertion. The same triggering request sequence is reachable through the public gRPC Generate and Abort endpoints, so a remote client that can send generation requests can crash the shared engine worker, aborting concurrent requests and causing a service-wide denial of service for other clients of the deployment until the worker is restarted. This issue is fixed in version 0.24.0.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 7.5 HIGH from [email protected]

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Problem Types: CWE-20 | CWE-1284 | CWE-20 CWE-20: Improper Input Validation | CWE-1284 CWE-1284: Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1[email protected]Secondary7.5HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
3.1CNADECLARED7.5HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Vllm-project Vllm affected < 0.24.0 Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/44744 [email protected] github.com
github.com/vllm-project/vllm/commit/8a5cf1ccd65e8ac7635c402c1ec0b08988bc... [email protected] github.com
github.com/vllm-project/vllm/security/advisories/GHSA-8wr5-jm2h-8r4f 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 github.com
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