Out-of-Bounds Read in DicomImageDecoder (DecodeLookupTable)

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Summary

CVECVE-2026-5445
StatePUBLISHED
Assignercertcc
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-04-09 15:16:16 UTC
Updated2026-04-14 20:10:01 UTC
DescriptionAn out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the `DecodeLookupTable` function within `DicomImageDecoder.cpp`. The lookup-table decoding logic used for `PALETTE COLOR` images does not validate pixel indices against the lookup table size. Crafted images containing indices larger than the palette size cause the decoder to read beyond allocated lookup table memory and expose heap contents in the output image.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 9.1 CRITICAL from ADP

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

EPSS: 0.000170000 probability, percentile 0.039230000 (date 2026-04-13)

Problem Types: CWE-125 | CWE-125 Out-of-bounds Read

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1ADPDECLARED9.1CRITICALCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
3.1134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0Secondary9.1CRITICALCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

NVD Known Affected Configurations (CPE 2.3)

TypeVendorProductVersionUpdateEditionLanguage
Application Orthanc-server Orthanc All All All All

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Orthanc DICOM Server affected 1.12.10 custom Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
kb.cert.org/vuls/id/536588 [email protected] kb.cert.org Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
www.orthanc-server.com [email protected] www.orthanc-server.com Product
www.machinespirits.de [email protected] www.machinespirits.de Not Applicable
CVE Program record CVE.ORG www.cve.org canonical
NVD vulnerability detail NVD nvd.nist.gov canonical, analysis
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