Capgo - Privilege Escalation via SECURITY DEFINER Function apply_usage_overage

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Summary

CVECVE-2026-56239
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerVulnCheck
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-06-21 14:16:24 UTC
Updated2026-06-21 14:16:24 UTC
DescriptionCapgo before 12.128.2 contains a potential privilege escalation vulnerability in the public.apply_usage_overage SECURITY DEFINER function, which performs sensitive billing operations without enforcing internal authorization checks (no validation of auth.uid(), org membership, or check_min_rights). Because the function runs with the owner's privileges, it bypasses Row Level Security. If EXECUTE permission is available to the authenticated or anon roles (explicitly or via default privileges), an authenticated user could invoke it via Supabase RPC to manipulate billing data for arbitrary organizations, including unauthorized credit depletion and fraudulent overage event insertion.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v4.0 7.2 HIGH from [email protected]

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Problem Types: CWE-269 | CWE-269 Improper Privilege Management

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
4.0[email protected]Secondary7.2HIGHCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/C...
4.0CNACVSS7.2HIGHCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
3.1[email protected]Primary7.6HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L
3.1CNACVSS7.6HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L

CVSS v4.0 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
High
Availability
Low
Sub Conf.
None
Sub Integrity
None
Sub Availability
None

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
High
Availability
Low

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Capgo Capgo affected 12.128.2 semver Not specified
CNA Capgo Capgo unaffected 12.128.2 semver Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
github.com/Cap-go/capgo/security/advisories/GHSA-qq85-vjrq-m75g [email protected] github.com
www.vulncheck.com/advisories/capgo-privilege-escalation-via-security-definer-fu... [email protected] www.vulncheck.com
CVE Program record CVE.ORG www.cve.org canonical
NVD vulnerability detail NVD nvd.nist.gov canonical, analysis

Vendor Comments And Credit

Discovery Credit

CNA: hunt-with-4bh1 (en)

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