Pillow: Heap out-of-bounds write in Pillow `ImageFilter.RankFilter` via integer overflow in `ImagingExpand`

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Summary

CVECVE-2026-59197
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerGitHub_M
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-07-14 17:17:14 UTC
Updated2026-07-14 17:17:14 UTC
DescriptionPillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, Pillow's public rank-filter API can trigger a native heap out-of-bounds write when given a very large odd filter size because ImageFilter.RankFilter.filter() calls image.expand(size // 2, size // 2) before rank-filter size validation and ImagingExpand() computes output dimensions with unchecked signed int arithmetic. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 8.2 HIGH from [email protected]

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

Problem Types: CWE-190 | CWE-787 | CWE-787 CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write | CWE-190 CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1[email protected]Secondary8.2HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
3.1CNADECLARED8.2HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Python-pillow Pillow affected < 12.3.0 Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/cce3bdb867c77a3420261ed1bfdb6b078... [email protected] github.com
github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/advisories/GHSA-xj96-63gp-2gmr [email protected] github.com
github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/releases/tag/12.3.0 [email protected] github.com
github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/pull/9695 [email protected] github.com
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