n8n - Permission Bypass via Expression Parser Mismatch in External Secrets

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Summary

CVECVE-2026-59259
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerVulnCheck
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-07-15 12:18:17 UTC
Updated2026-07-15 20:15:56 UTC
Descriptionn8n before versions 1.123.61, 2.27.4, and 2.28.1 contains a permission bypass vulnerability in external secrets handling caused by a mismatch between the static validation check and the runtime expression engine. An authenticated user with credential create or update permissions but without the externalSecret:list scope can embed external secret references into credentials in forms the static validation does not detect; these references resolve at workflow execution time, exposing secret values the user is not authorized to access. This issue only affects instances where an external secrets provider is configured and Advanced Permissions are in use.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v4.0 6 MEDIUM from [email protected]

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Problem Types: CWE-639 | CWE-639 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
4.0[email protected]Secondary6MEDIUMCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/C...
4.0CNACVSS6MEDIUMCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS v4.0 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
Present
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None
Sub Conf.
None
Sub Integrity
None
Sub Availability
None

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA N8n N8n affected 1.123.61 semver Not specified
CNA N8n N8n unaffected 1.123.61 semver Not specified
CNA N8n N8n affected 2.28.1 semver Not specified
CNA N8n N8n unaffected 2.28.1 semver Not specified
CNA N8n N8n affected 2.27.4 semver Not specified
CNA N8n N8n unaffected 2.27.4 semver Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-jp7m-xcgx-57qm [email protected] github.com
www.vulncheck.com/advisories/n8n-permission-bypass-via-expression-parser-mismat... [email protected] www.vulncheck.com
CVE Program record CVE.ORG www.cve.org canonical
NVD vulnerability detail NVD nvd.nist.gov canonical, analysis

Vendor Comments And Credit

Discovery Credit

CNA: YLChen-007 (en)

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