On-chain transfer proof is not single-use in mpp EVM payment method, enabling cross-challenge replay

Summary

CVECVE-2026-67581
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerEEF
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-08-19 18:17:17 UTC
Updated2026-08-20 13:02:12 UTC
DescriptionAuthentication Bypass by Capture-replay in ZenHive mpp allows an unauthenticated remote client to obtain paid resources by resubmitting one settled on-chain transfer. MPP.Methods.EVM.verify/2 accepts a transaction-hash credential and matches a transfer purely on token, to and amount (ERC-20) or to and value (native). It binds the proof neither to the challenge being verified nor to any record of prior use, and the generic MPP.Plug dedup store keys on challenge.id, which is regenerated for every 402 response. On a static-price route, a single historical transfer matching the charge therefore satisfies an unbounded number of later charges, including transfers an attacker can read off a public block explorer. This issue affects mpp: from 0.3.0 before 0.6.3.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v4.0 8.7 HIGH from 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

EPSS: 0.004970000 probability, percentile 0.407040000 (date 2026-08-21)

Problem Types: CWE-294 | CWE-294 CWE-294 Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay


VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
4.06b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49dbSecondary8.7HIGHCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/C...
4.0CNACVSS8.7HIGHCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS v4.0 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
None
Sub Conf.
None
Sub Integrity
None
Sub Availability
None

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA ZenHive Mpp affected 0.3.0 0.6.3 semver Not specified
CNA ZenHive Mpp affected 65b9e425ce27631c786a5b380b5e4c5ae607ec6d ecc038088b1cda09ad8a84acc6cc112addb4a68f git Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
github.com/ZenHive/mpp/security/advisories/GHSA-vp5h-xh25-44wf 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db github.com
osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-67581 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db osv.dev
cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-67581.html 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db cna.erlef.org
github.com/ZenHive/mpp/commit/ecc038088b1cda09ad8a84acc6cc112addb4a68f 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db github.com
CVE Program record CVE.ORG www.cve.org canonical
NVD vulnerability detail NVD nvd.nist.gov canonical, analysis

Vendor Comments And Credit

Discovery Credit

CNA: E.FU (en)

CNA: E.FU (en)

CNA: Jonatan Männchen / EEF (en)

Additional Advisory Data

Workarounds

CNA: Price each challenge uniquely (per-challenge or single-use amounts) so that a historical transfer cannot match a later charge, and keep challenge expiry short to narrow the window in which any given transfer stays useful. Deployments that can use the Tempo method for on-chain payments get per-challenge attribution binding instead.

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