Query-complexity limit bypass via first/last pagination arguments in AshGraphql enables denial of service

Summary

CVECVE-2026-81636
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerEEF
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-08-30 19:17:29 UTC
Updated2026-08-30 19:17:29 UTC
DescriptionAllocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling vulnerability in ash-project ash_graphql allows an unauthenticated client to bypass the configured GraphQL query-complexity limit and force an unbounded database read. AshGraphql.Graphql.Resolver.query_complexity/3 multiplies child complexity by the requested page size only when the argument map contains :limit (offset pagination). Relay connections and keyset pagination use first and last, which never match that clause and fall through to the catch-all that returns child_complexity + 1. A nested relay query such as posts(first: 500) { edges { node { comments(first: 500) { ... } } } } therefore scores as trivially cheap while materializing the full fan-out, passing an Absinthe max_complexity cap that rejects the equivalent limit-based query. The fix adds first and last clauses clamped to the action's page size. This issue affects ash_graphql: from 0.16.23 before 1.11.0.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v4.0 8.7 HIGH from 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Problem Types: CWE-770 | CWE-770 CWE-770 Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling


VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
4.06b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49dbSecondary8.7HIGHCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/C...
4.0CNACVSS8.7HIGHCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS v4.0 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High
Sub Conf.
None
Sub Integrity
None
Sub Availability
None

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Ash-project Ash Graphql affected 0.16.23 1.11.0 semver Not specified
CNA Ash-project Ash Graphql affected d8a3e1b15587180ad9cb3ceeb398863d086c163b c3229f6a65cbabb32fd7ffcac881922d1b3b30ad git Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-81636.html 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db cna.erlef.org
github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql/security/advisories/GHSA-mwc4-r9fc-h6mg 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db github.com
osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-81636 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db osv.dev
github.com/ash-project/ash_graphql/commit/c3229f6a65cbabb32fd7ffcac88192... 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db github.com
CVE Program record CVE.ORG www.cve.org canonical
NVD vulnerability detail NVD nvd.nist.gov canonical, analysis

Vendor Comments And Credit

Discovery Credit

CNA: Peter Ullrich (en)

CNA: Peter Ullrich (en)

CNA: Zach Daniel / Ash Project (en)

CNA: Jonatan Männchen / EEF (en)

© CVE.report 2026

Use of this information constitutes acceptance for use in an AS IS condition. There are NO warranties, implied or otherwise, with regard to this information or its use. Any use of this information is at the user's risk. It is the responsibility of user to evaluate the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information, opinion, advice or other content. EACH USER WILL BE SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY consequences of his or her direct or indirect use of this web site. ALL WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND ARE EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED. This site will NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT or any other kind of loss.

CVE, CWE, and OVAL are registred trademarks of The MITRE Corporation and the authoritative source of CVE content is MITRE's CVE web site. This site includes MITRE data granted under the following license.

Free CVE JSON API cve.report/api

CVE.report and Source URL Uptime Status status.cve.report