libheif: brotli/zlib decompression paths lack output-size limits, allowing decompression-bomb OOM/DoS

MITRE NVD CVE.ORG JSON API

Summary

CVECVE-2026-84384
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerGitHub_M
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-09-18 16:17:11 UTC
Updated2026-09-18 18:17:16 UTC
Descriptionlibheif is a HEIF and AVIF file format decoder and encoder. From 1.19.0 until 1.23.2, crafted HEIF or AVIF mime metadata and unci image data can cause decompress_brotli() and do_inflate() to grow accumulated output without an effective size limit or MemoryHandle accounting. The brotli path has no output bound, while the zlib path checks only a small temporary buffer in a branch that valid streams do not reach, and overlapping icef units can decompress the same payload repeatedly. HeifContext::interpret_heif_file_images() processes multiple compressed metadata items during file opening, allowing a small file to consume unbounded memory and terminate the process. This issue is fixed in version 1.23.2.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 7.5 HIGH from [email protected]

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

EPSS: 0.005240000 probability, percentile 0.432480000 (date 2026-09-21)

Problem Types: CWE-409 | CWE-409 CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1[email protected]Secondary7.5HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
3.1CNADECLARED7.5HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Strukturag Libheif affected >= 1.19.0, < 1.23.2 Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
github.com/strukturag/libheif/security/advisories/GHSA-24wx-9w62-c96w 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 github.com
github.com/strukturag/libheif/releases/tag/v1.23.2 [email protected] github.com
github.com/strukturag/libheif/commit/21893e8f66c8b79363ca2809391b07d35e1... [email protected] github.com
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