Unbounded buffer accumulation in multipart header parsing causes denial of service in cowboy

Summary

CVECVE-2026-8466
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerEEF
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-05-13 19:17:30 UTC
Updated2026-05-14 17:07:07 UTC
DescriptionAllocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling vulnerability in ninenines cowboy allows denial of service via unbounded buffer accumulation in multipart header parsing. cowboy_req:read_part/3 in src/cowboy_req.erl accumulates incoming request bytes into a Buffer binary with no upper-bound check. When cow_multipart:parse_headers/2 returns more or {more, Buffer2}, the function reads up to Length bytes (default 64 KB) from the request body and recurses with the enlarged buffer. There is no equivalent of the byte_size(Acc) > Length guard present in the sibling function read_part_body/4. An unauthenticated attacker can send a multipart/form-data request whose body never yields a complete header section — for example, a body that never contains the advertised boundary delimiter, or one whose header lines never contain \r\n\r\n — and force the server process to accumulate memory linearly with the bytes the protocol layer is willing to deliver. A handful of concurrent such uploads is sufficient to exhaust BEAM memory. This issue affects cowboy from 2.0.0 before 2.15.0.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v4.0 8.2 HIGH from 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

EPSS: 0.000230000 probability, percentile 0.067650000 (date 2026-05-25)

Problem Types: CWE-770 | CWE-770 CWE-770 Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling


VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
4.06b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49dbSecondary8.2HIGHCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/C...
4.0CNACVSS8.2HIGHCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS v4.0 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
Present
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High
Sub Conf.
None
Sub Integrity
None
Sub Availability
None

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Ninenines Cowboy affected 2.0.0 2.15.0 semver Not specified
CNA Ninenines Cowboy affected 917cf99e10c41676183d501b86af6e47c95afb89 5c6a2061b41bb5771c4659fac7d5a822dca5bafb git Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-8466 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db osv.dev
github.com/ninenines/cowboy/commit/5c6a2061b41bb5771c4659fac7d5a822dca5bafb 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db github.com
cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-8466.html 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db cna.erlef.org
CVE Program record CVE.ORG www.cve.org canonical
NVD vulnerability detail NVD nvd.nist.gov canonical, analysis

Vendor Comments And Credit

Discovery Credit

CNA: Peter Ullrich (en)

CNA: Loïc Hoguin (en)

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