Stirling-PDF: Remote Code Execution via H2

MITRE NVD CVE.ORG JSON API

Summary

CVECVE-2026-85714
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerGitHub_M
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-10-14 19:17:22 UTC
Updated2026-10-16 16:00:33 UTC
DescriptionStirling-PDF is a locally hosted web application that facilitates various operations on PDF files. Prior to 2.13.2, an authenticated administrator using the default H2 database and security mode can upload a crafted SQL file to POST /api/v1/database/import-database. DatabaseService.validateSqlContent() splits normalized input on semicolons and accepts a statement when it contains any allowed keyword, allowing dangerous H2 functions such as FILE_READ and CSVWRITE, plus CREATE ALIAS, to bypass the insufficient whitelist and execute side effects when RUNSCRIPT processes the file. This permits arbitrary file access. The demonstrated operating-system command execution chain writes attacker-controlled startup files to a user-site location and then triggers an application Python interpreter configured to load those startup files, resulting in command execution as the JVM service account. This issue is fixed in version 2.13.2.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 9.1 CRITICAL from [email protected]

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Problem Types: CWE-94 | CWE-94 CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1[email protected]Secondary9.1CRITICALCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
3.1CNADECLARED9.1CRITICALCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
High
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Stirling-Tools Stirling-PDF affected < 2.13.2 Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
github.com/Stirling-Tools/Stirling-PDF/releases/tag/v2.13.2 [email protected] github.com
github.com/Stirling-Tools/Stirling-PDF/pull/6796 [email protected] github.com
github.com/Stirling-Tools/Stirling-PDF/security/advisories/GHSA-mrr8-934... 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 github.com
github.com/Stirling-Tools/Stirling-PDF/commit/d06d3cabaf5b8a7dcd0dbfc584... [email protected] github.com
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