bpf, x86: Fix per-CPU address resolution into an extended register

MITRE NVD CVE.ORG JSON API

Summary

CVECVE-2026-89581
StatePUBLISHED
AssignerLinux
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-09-11 20:19:42 UTC
Updated2026-09-13 07:17:23 UTC
DescriptionIn the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf, x86: Fix per-CPU address resolution into an extended register The destination of the per-CPU address MOV is encoded in ModRM.reg, which is extended by REX.R, but the REX prefix is built with add_1mod(), which sets REX.B. REX.B extends ModRM.rm and SIB.base, and this instruction addresses memory as disp32 with no base, so the bit has no effect at all and the high register bit is simply lost. Every is_ereg() destination therefore resolves to the wrong register, picking whichever one shares the low three bits: R5 -> RAX R7 -> RBP R8 -> RSI R9 -> RDI With BPF_REG_5, whose reg2hex is 0, the emitted 65 49 03 04 25 <off> add %gs:<off>,%rax adds the per-CPU offset to RAX rather than R8. The destination keeps the unadjusted address and RAX is clobbered, so the program goes on to dereference a pointer that was never made per-CPU: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 0000607e386a8894 RIP: bpf_prog_707837aafd2aa9ae_update_percpu_data+0x93/0xc9 Call Trace: __bpf_prog_test_run_raw_tp+0x2dc/0x7d0 __flush_smp_call_function_queue+0x1e9/0xc80 Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in interrupt R5 is the mildest of the four, aliasing a scratch register and faulting at the store. R7 aliases RBP and would corrupt the frame pointer, R8 and R9 alias the argument registers. Use add_2mod() so the register goes through REX.R, matching how add_2reg() places it in ModRM.reg and how emit_priv_frame_ptr() hardcodes 0x4c for the same instruction with R9. Encodings for the non-extended registers are unchanged. Problem showed up when trying to resurrect BPF_GCC CI (selftests built with BPF_GCC). This has gone unnoticed because clang reloads the address into R1 before each per-CPU access, so the destination is never an extended register. GCC keeps several per-CPU addresses live at once, and test_progs-bpf_gcc panics the kernel in global_percpu_data/init, where the address of a .percpu variable ends up in R5.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 7.8 HIGH from 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS: 0.001280000 probability, percentile 0.028260000 (date 2026-09-14)

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67Secondary7.8HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
3.1CNADECLARED7.8HIGHCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Linux Linux affected 7bdbf7446305cb65c510c16d57cde82bc76b234a 638bc3aada8ecdece184d5c15b100d489c9cccd7 git Not specified
CNA Linux Linux affected 7bdbf7446305cb65c510c16d57cde82bc76b234a 6886642414f59f928728802dc2c972a9859e6310 git Not specified
CNA Linux Linux affected 7bdbf7446305cb65c510c16d57cde82bc76b234a 6a19b18d458881bf3269a357cc6dc6db5eef4369 git Not specified
CNA Linux Linux affected 7bdbf7446305cb65c510c16d57cde82bc76b234a 5bbbce02e500d47d8e259a45be5a7be9741d0533 git Not specified
CNA Linux Linux affected 6.10 Not specified
CNA Linux Linux unaffected 6.10 semver Not specified
CNA Linux Linux unaffected 6.12.109 6.12.* semver Not specified
CNA Linux Linux unaffected 6.18.50 6.18.* semver Not specified
CNA Linux Linux unaffected 7.2.4 7.2.* semver Not specified
CNA Linux Linux unaffected 7.3-rc1 * original_commit_for_fix Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
git.kernel.org/stable/c/6a19b18d458881bf3269a357cc6dc6db5eef4369 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67 git.kernel.org
git.kernel.org/stable/c/6886642414f59f928728802dc2c972a9859e6310 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67 git.kernel.org
git.kernel.org/stable/c/5bbbce02e500d47d8e259a45be5a7be9741d0533 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67 git.kernel.org
git.kernel.org/stable/c/638bc3aada8ecdece184d5c15b100d489c9cccd7 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67 git.kernel.org
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