{"api_version":"1","generated_at":"2026-07-23T14:28:10+00:00","cve":"CVE-2024-40958","urls":{"html":"https://cve.report/CVE-2024-40958","api":"https://cve.report/api/cve/CVE-2024-40958.json","docs":"https://cve.report/api","cve_org":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-40958","nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-40958"},"summary":{"title":"netns: Make get_net_ns() handle zero refcount net","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetns: Make get_net_ns() handle zero refcount net\n\nSyzkaller hit a warning:\nrefcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free.\nWARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 7890 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0xdf/0x1d0\nModules linked in:\nCPU: 3 PID: 7890 Comm: tun Not tainted 6.10.0-rc3-00100-gcaa4f9578aba-dirty #310\nHardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014\nRIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xdf/0x1d0\nCode: 41 49 04 31 ff 89 de e8 9f 1e cd fe 84 db 75 9c e8 76 26 cd fe c6 05 b6 41 49 04 01 90 48 c7 c7 b8 8e 25 86 e8 d2 05 b5 fe 90 <0f> 0b 90 90 e9 79 ff ff ff e8 53 26 cd fe 0f b6 1\nRSP: 0018:ffff8881067b7da0 EFLAGS: 00010286\nRAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffffffff811c72ac\nRDX: ffff8881026a2140 RSI: ffffffff811c72b5 RDI: 0000000000000001\nRBP: ffff8881067b7db0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 205b5d3730353139\nR10: 0000000000000000 R11: 205d303938375420 R12: ffff8881086500c4\nR13: ffff8881086500c4 R14: ffff8881086500b0 R15: ffff888108650040\nFS:  00007f5b2961a4c0(0000) GS:ffff88823bd00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\nCS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\nCR2: 000055d7ed36fd18 CR3: 00000001482f6000 CR4: 00000000000006f0\nDR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000\nDR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400\nCall Trace:\n <TASK>\n ? show_regs+0xa3/0xc0\n ? __warn+0xa5/0x1c0\n ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xdf/0x1d0\n ? report_bug+0x1fc/0x2d0\n ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xdf/0x1d0\n ? handle_bug+0xa1/0x110\n ? exc_invalid_op+0x3c/0xb0\n ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1f/0x30\n ? __warn_printk+0xcc/0x140\n ? __warn_printk+0xd5/0x140\n ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xdf/0x1d0\n get_net_ns+0xa4/0xc0\n ? __pfx_get_net_ns+0x10/0x10\n open_related_ns+0x5a/0x130\n __tun_chr_ioctl+0x1616/0x2370\n ? __sanitizer_cov_trace_switch+0x58/0xa0\n ? __sanitizer_cov_trace_const_cmp2+0x1c/0x30\n ? __pfx_tun_chr_ioctl+0x10/0x10\n tun_chr_ioctl+0x2f/0x40\n __x64_sys_ioctl+0x11b/0x160\n x64_sys_call+0x1211/0x20d0\n do_syscall_64+0x9e/0x1d0\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\nRIP: 0033:0x7f5b28f165d7\nCode: b3 66 90 48 8b 05 b1 48 2d 00 64 c7 00 26 00 00 00 48 c7 c0 ff ff ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 b8 10 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d 81 48 2d 00 8\nRSP: 002b:00007ffc2b59c5e8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010\nRAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007f5b28f165d7\nRDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00000000000054e3 RDI: 0000000000000003\nRBP: 00007ffc2b59c650 R08: 00007f5b291ed8c0 R09: 00007f5b2961a4c0\nR10: 0000000029690010 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000400730\nR13: 00007ffc2b59cf40 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000\n </TASK>\nKernel panic - not syncing: kernel: panic_on_warn set ...\n\nThis is trigger as below:\n          ns0                                    ns1\ntun_set_iff() //dev is tun0\n   tun->dev = dev\n//ip link set tun0 netns ns1\n                                       put_net() //ref is 0\n__tun_chr_ioctl() //TUNGETDEVNETNS\n   net = dev_net(tun->dev);\n   open_related_ns(&net->ns, get_net_ns); //ns1\n     get_net_ns()\n        get_net() //addition on 0\n\nUse maybe_get_net() in get_net_ns in case net's ref is zero to fix this","state":"PUBLISHED","assigner":"Linux","published_at":"2024-07-12 13:15:17","updated_at":"2026-05-12 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the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetns: Make get_net_ns() handle zero refcount net\n\nSyzkaller hit a warning:\nrefcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free.\nWARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 7890 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0xdf/0x1d0\nModules linked in:\nCPU: 3 PID: 7890 Comm: tun Not tainted 6.10.0-rc3-00100-gcaa4f9578aba-dirty #310\nHardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014\nRIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xdf/0x1d0\nCode: 41 49 04 31 ff 89 de e8 9f 1e cd fe 84 db 75 9c e8 76 26 cd fe c6 05 b6 41 49 04 01 90 48 c7 c7 b8 8e 25 86 e8 d2 05 b5 fe 90 <0f> 0b 90 90 e9 79 ff ff ff e8 53 26 cd fe 0f b6 1\nRSP: 0018:ffff8881067b7da0 EFLAGS: 00010286\nRAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffffffff811c72ac\nRDX: ffff8881026a2140 RSI: ffffffff811c72b5 RDI: 0000000000000001\nRBP: ffff8881067b7db0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 205b5d3730353139\nR10: 0000000000000000 R11: 205d303938375420 R12: ffff8881086500c4\nR13: ffff8881086500c4 R14: ffff8881086500b0 R15: ffff888108650040\nFS:  00007f5b2961a4c0(0000) GS:ffff88823bd00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\nCS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\nCR2: 000055d7ed36fd18 CR3: 00000001482f6000 CR4: 00000000000006f0\nDR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000\nDR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400\nCall Trace:\n <TASK>\n ? show_regs+0xa3/0xc0\n ? __warn+0xa5/0x1c0\n ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xdf/0x1d0\n ? report_bug+0x1fc/0x2d0\n ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xdf/0x1d0\n ? handle_bug+0xa1/0x110\n ? exc_invalid_op+0x3c/0xb0\n ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1f/0x30\n ? __warn_printk+0xcc/0x140\n ? __warn_printk+0xd5/0x140\n ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xdf/0x1d0\n get_net_ns+0xa4/0xc0\n ? __pfx_get_net_ns+0x10/0x10\n open_related_ns+0x5a/0x130\n __tun_chr_ioctl+0x1616/0x2370\n ? __sanitizer_cov_trace_switch+0x58/0xa0\n ? __sanitizer_cov_trace_const_cmp2+0x1c/0x30\n ? __pfx_tun_chr_ioctl+0x10/0x10\n tun_chr_ioctl+0x2f/0x40\n __x64_sys_ioctl+0x11b/0x160\n x64_sys_call+0x1211/0x20d0\n do_syscall_64+0x9e/0x1d0\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\nRIP: 0033:0x7f5b28f165d7\nCode: b3 66 90 48 8b 05 b1 48 2d 00 64 c7 00 26 00 00 00 48 c7 c0 ff ff ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 b8 10 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d 81 48 2d 00 8\nRSP: 002b:00007ffc2b59c5e8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010\nRAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007f5b28f165d7\nRDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00000000000054e3 RDI: 0000000000000003\nRBP: 00007ffc2b59c650 R08: 00007f5b291ed8c0 R09: 00007f5b2961a4c0\nR10: 0000000029690010 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000400730\nR13: 00007ffc2b59cf40 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000\n </TASK>\nKernel panic - not syncing: kernel: panic_on_warn set ...\n\nThis is trigger as below:\n          ns0                                    ns1\ntun_set_iff() //dev is tun0\n   tun->dev = dev\n//ip link set tun0 netns ns1\n                                       put_net() //ref is 0\n__tun_chr_ioctl() //TUNGETDEVNETNS\n   net = dev_net(tun->dev);\n   open_related_ns(&net->ns, get_net_ns); //ns1\n     get_net_ns()\n        get_net() //addition on 0\n\nUse maybe_get_net() in get_net_ns in case net's ref is zero to fix this"}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-05-11T20:23:07.741Z","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux"},"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3a6cd326ead7c8bb1f64486789a01974a9f1ad55"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2b82028a1f5ee3a8e04090776b10c534144ae77b"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cb7f811f638a14590ff98f53c6dd1fb54627d940"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1b631bffcb2c09551888f3c723f4365c91fe05ef"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef0394ca25953ea0eddcc82feae1f750451f1876"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3af28df0d883e8c89a29ac31bc65f9023485743b"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ff960f9d3edbe08a736b5a224d91a305ccc946b0"}],"title":"netns: Make get_net_ns() handle zero refcount net","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}}},"cveMetadata":{"assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","assignerShortName":"Linux","cveId":"CVE-2024-40958","datePublished":"2024-07-12T12:32:00.431Z","dateReserved":"2024-07-12T12:17:45.593Z","dateUpdated":"2026-05-12T11:55:48.230Z","state":"PUBLISHED"},"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2"},"nvd":{"publishedDate":"2024-07-12 13:15:17","lastModifiedDate":"2026-05-12 12:17:00","problem_types":["CWE-416"],"metrics":{"cvssMetricV31":[{"source":"nvd@nist.gov","type":"Primary","cvssData":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","attackVector":"LOCAL","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","availabilityImpact":"HIGH"},"exploitabilityScore":1.8,"impactScore":5.9}]},"configurations":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.2","versionEndExcluding":"5.4.279","matchCriteriaId":"5A16AF13-82B4-4031-88E2-F3A1AE0863D5"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.5","versionEndExcluding":"5.10.221","matchCriteriaId":"659E1520-6345-41AF-B893-A7C0647585A0"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.11","versionEndExcluding":"5.15.162","matchCriteriaId":"10A39ACC-3005-40E8-875C-98A372D1FFD5"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.16","versionEndExcluding":"6.1.96","matchCriteriaId":"61E887B4-732A-40D2-9983-CC6F281EBFB7"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.2","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.36","matchCriteriaId":"E1046C95-860A-45B0-B718-2B29F65BFF10"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.7","versionEndExcluding":"6.9.7","matchCriteriaId":"0A047AF2-94AC-4A3A-B32D-6AB930D8EF1C"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"2EBB4392-5FA6-4DA9-9772-8F9C750109FA"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"331C2F14-12C7-45D5-893D-8C52EE38EA10"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"3173713D-909A-4DD3-9DD4-1E171EB057EE"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.10:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"79F18AFA-40F7-43F0-BA30-7BDB65F918B9"}]}]}]},"legacy_mitre":{"record":{"CveYear":"2024","CveId":"40958","Ordinal":"1","Title":"netns: Make get_net_ns() handle zero refcount net","CVE":"CVE-2024-40958","Year":"2024"},"notes":[{"CveYear":"2024","CveId":"40958","Ordinal":"1","NoteData":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetns: Make get_net_ns() handle zero refcount net\n\nSyzkaller hit a warning:\nrefcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free.\nWARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 7890 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0xdf/0x1d0\nModules linked in:\nCPU: 3 PID: 7890 Comm: tun Not tainted 6.10.0-rc3-00100-gcaa4f9578aba-dirty #310\nHardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014\nRIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0xdf/0x1d0\nCode: 41 49 04 31 ff 89 de e8 9f 1e cd fe 84 db 75 9c e8 76 26 cd fe c6 05 b6 41 49 04 01 90 48 c7 c7 b8 8e 25 86 e8 d2 05 b5 fe 90 <0f> 0b 90 90 e9 79 ff ff ff e8 53 26 cd fe 0f b6 1\nRSP: 0018:ffff8881067b7da0 EFLAGS: 00010286\nRAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: ffffffff811c72ac\nRDX: ffff8881026a2140 RSI: ffffffff811c72b5 RDI: 0000000000000001\nRBP: ffff8881067b7db0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 205b5d3730353139\nR10: 0000000000000000 R11: 205d303938375420 R12: ffff8881086500c4\nR13: ffff8881086500c4 R14: ffff8881086500b0 R15: ffff888108650040\nFS:  00007f5b2961a4c0(0000) GS:ffff88823bd00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\nCS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\nCR2: 000055d7ed36fd18 CR3: 00000001482f6000 CR4: 00000000000006f0\nDR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000\nDR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400\nCall Trace:\n <TASK>\n ? show_regs+0xa3/0xc0\n ? __warn+0xa5/0x1c0\n ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xdf/0x1d0\n ? report_bug+0x1fc/0x2d0\n ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xdf/0x1d0\n ? handle_bug+0xa1/0x110\n ? exc_invalid_op+0x3c/0xb0\n ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x1f/0x30\n ? __warn_printk+0xcc/0x140\n ? __warn_printk+0xd5/0x140\n ? refcount_warn_saturate+0xdf/0x1d0\n get_net_ns+0xa4/0xc0\n ? __pfx_get_net_ns+0x10/0x10\n open_related_ns+0x5a/0x130\n __tun_chr_ioctl+0x1616/0x2370\n ? __sanitizer_cov_trace_switch+0x58/0xa0\n ? __sanitizer_cov_trace_const_cmp2+0x1c/0x30\n ? __pfx_tun_chr_ioctl+0x10/0x10\n tun_chr_ioctl+0x2f/0x40\n __x64_sys_ioctl+0x11b/0x160\n x64_sys_call+0x1211/0x20d0\n do_syscall_64+0x9e/0x1d0\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\nRIP: 0033:0x7f5b28f165d7\nCode: b3 66 90 48 8b 05 b1 48 2d 00 64 c7 00 26 00 00 00 48 c7 c0 ff ff ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 b8 10 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 3d 01 f0 ff ff 73 01 c3 48 8b 0d 81 48 2d 00 8\nRSP: 002b:00007ffc2b59c5e8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010\nRAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007f5b28f165d7\nRDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00000000000054e3 RDI: 0000000000000003\nRBP: 00007ffc2b59c650 R08: 00007f5b291ed8c0 R09: 00007f5b2961a4c0\nR10: 0000000029690010 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000400730\nR13: 00007ffc2b59cf40 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000\n </TASK>\nKernel panic - not syncing: kernel: panic_on_warn set ...\n\nThis is trigger as below:\n          ns0                                    ns1\ntun_set_iff() //dev is tun0\n   tun->dev = dev\n//ip link set tun0 netns ns1\n                                       put_net() //ref is 0\n__tun_chr_ioctl() //TUNGETDEVNETNS\n   net = dev_net(tun->dev);\n   open_related_ns(&net->ns, get_net_ns); //ns1\n     get_net_ns()\n        get_net() //addition on 0\n\nUse maybe_get_net() in get_net_ns in case net's ref is zero to fix this","Type":"Description","Title":"netns: Make get_net_ns() handle zero refcount net"}]}}}