{"api_version":"1","generated_at":"2026-10-22T15:55:28+00:00","cve":"CVE-2024-57884","urls":{"html":"https://cve.report/CVE-2024-57884","api":"https://cve.report/api/cve/CVE-2024-57884.json","docs":"https://cve.report/api","cve_org":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-57884","nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-57884"},"summary":{"title":"mm: vmscan: account for free pages to prevent infinite Loop in throttle_direct_reclaim()","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmm: vmscan: account for free pages to prevent infinite Loop in throttle_direct_reclaim()\n\nThe task sometimes continues looping in throttle_direct_reclaim() because\nallow_direct_reclaim(pgdat) keeps returning false.  \n\n #0 [ffff80002cb6f8d0] __switch_to at ffff8000080095ac\n #1 [ffff80002cb6f900] __schedule at ffff800008abbd1c\n #2 [ffff80002cb6f990] schedule at ffff800008abc50c\n #3 [ffff80002cb6f9b0] throttle_direct_reclaim at ffff800008273550\n #4 [ffff80002cb6fa20] try_to_free_pages at ffff800008277b68\n #5 [ffff80002cb6fae0] __alloc_pages_nodemask at ffff8000082c4660\n #6 [ffff80002cb6fc50] alloc_pages_vma at ffff8000082e4a98\n #7 [ffff80002cb6fca0] do_anonymous_page at ffff80000829f5a8\n #8 [ffff80002cb6fce0] __handle_mm_fault at ffff8000082a5974\n #9 [ffff80002cb6fd90] handle_mm_fault at ffff8000082a5bd4\n\nAt this point, the pgdat contains the following two zones:\n\n        NODE: 4  ZONE: 0  ADDR: ffff00817fffe540  NAME: \"DMA32\"\n          SIZE: 20480  MIN/LOW/HIGH: 11/28/45\n          VM_STAT:\n                NR_FREE_PAGES: 359\n        NR_ZONE_INACTIVE_ANON: 18813\n          NR_ZONE_ACTIVE_ANON: 0\n        NR_ZONE_INACTIVE_FILE: 50\n          NR_ZONE_ACTIVE_FILE: 0\n          NR_ZONE_UNEVICTABLE: 0\n        NR_ZONE_WRITE_PENDING: 0\n                     NR_MLOCK: 0\n                    NR_BOUNCE: 0\n                   NR_ZSPAGES: 0\n            NR_FREE_CMA_PAGES: 0\n\n        NODE: 4  ZONE: 1  ADDR: ffff00817fffec00  NAME: \"Normal\"\n          SIZE: 8454144  PRESENT: 98304  MIN/LOW/HIGH: 68/166/264\n          VM_STAT:\n                NR_FREE_PAGES: 146\n        NR_ZONE_INACTIVE_ANON: 94668\n          NR_ZONE_ACTIVE_ANON: 3\n        NR_ZONE_INACTIVE_FILE: 735\n          NR_ZONE_ACTIVE_FILE: 78\n          NR_ZONE_UNEVICTABLE: 0\n        NR_ZONE_WRITE_PENDING: 0\n                     NR_MLOCK: 0\n                    NR_BOUNCE: 0\n                   NR_ZSPAGES: 0\n            NR_FREE_CMA_PAGES: 0\n\nIn allow_direct_reclaim(), while processing ZONE_DMA32, the sum of\ninactive/active file-backed pages calculated in zone_reclaimable_pages()\nbased on the result of zone_page_state_snapshot() is zero.  \n\nAdditionally, since this system lacks swap, the calculation of inactive/\nactive anonymous pages is skipped.\n\n        crash> p nr_swap_pages\n        nr_swap_pages = $1937 = {\n          counter = 0\n        }\n\nAs a result, ZONE_DMA32 is deemed unreclaimable and skipped, moving on to\nthe processing of the next zone, ZONE_NORMAL, despite ZONE_DMA32 having\nfree pages significantly exceeding the high watermark.\n\nThe problem is that the pgdat->kswapd_failures hasn't been incremented.\n\n        crash> px ((struct pglist_data *) 0xffff00817fffe540)->kswapd_failures\n        $1935 = 0x0\n\nThis is because the node deemed balanced.  The node balancing logic in\nbalance_pgdat() evaluates all zones collectively.  If one or more zones\n(e.g., ZONE_DMA32) have enough free pages to meet their watermarks, the\nentire node is deemed balanced.  This causes balance_pgdat() to exit early\nbefore incrementing the kswapd_failures, as it considers the overall\nmemory state acceptable, even though some zones (like ZONE_NORMAL) remain\nunder significant pressure.\n\n\nThe patch ensures that zone_reclaimable_pages() includes free pages\n(NR_FREE_PAGES) in its calculation when no other reclaimable pages are\navailable (e.g., file-backed or anonymous pages).  This change prevents\nzones like ZONE_DMA32, which have sufficient free pages, from being\nmistakenly deemed unreclaimable.  By doing so, the patch ensures proper\nnode balancing, avoids masking pressure on other zones like ZONE_NORMAL,\nand prevents infinite loops in throttle_direct_reclaim() caused by\nallow_direct_reclaim(pgdat) repeatedly returning false.\n\n\nThe kernel hangs due to a task stuck in throttle_direct_reclaim(), caused\nby a node being incorrectly deemed balanced despite pressure in certain\nzones, such as ZONE_NORMAL.  This issue arises from\nzone_reclaimable_pages\n---truncated---","state":"PUBLISHED","assigner":"Linux","published_at":"2025-01-15 13:15:12","updated_at":"2026-10-15 02:17:11"},"problem_types":["CWE-835"],"metrics":[{"version":"3.1","source":"nvd@nist.gov","type":"Primary","score":"5.5","severity":"MEDIUM","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","data":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","baseScore":5.5,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","attackVector":"LOCAL","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"NONE","integrityImpact":"NONE","availabilityImpact":"HIGH"}}],"references":[{"url":"https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-398330.html","name":"https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-398330.html","refsource":"0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/66cd37660ec34ec444fe42f2277330ae4a36bb19","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/66cd37660ec34ec444fe42f2277330ae4a36bb19","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":["Patch"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00002.html","name":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00002.html","refsource":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d675fefbaec3815b3ae0af1bebd97f27df3a05c8","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d675fefbaec3815b3ae0af1bebd97f27df3a05c8","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":["Patch"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/63eac98d6f0898229f515cb62fe4e4db2430e99c","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/63eac98d6f0898229f515cb62fe4e4db2430e99c","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":["Patch"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bfb701192129803191c9cd6cdd1f82cd07f8de2c","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bfb701192129803191c9cd6cdd1f82cd07f8de2c","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":["Patch"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1ff2302e8aeac7f2eedb551d7a89617283b5c6b2","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1ff2302e8aeac7f2eedb551d7a89617283b5c6b2","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":["Patch"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00001.html","name":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00001.html","refsource":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6aaced5abd32e2a57cd94fd64f824514d0361da8","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6aaced5abd32e2a57cd94fd64f824514d0361da8","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":["Patch"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/58d0d02dbc67438fc80223fdd7bbc49cf0733284","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/58d0d02dbc67438fc80223fdd7bbc49cf0733284","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":["Patch"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-57884","name":"CVE 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MFP","vendor":"Siemens","versions":[{"lessThan":"V3.1.5","status":"affected","version":"V3.1.0","versionType":"custom"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-10-15T01:00:40.208Z","orgId":"0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e","shortName":"siemens-SADP"},"references":[{"url":"https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-398330.html"}],"x_adpType":"supplier"}],"cna":{"affected":[{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","product":"Linux","programFiles":["mm/vmscan.c"],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","vendor":"Linux","versions":[{"lessThan":"66cd37660ec34ec444fe42f2277330ae4a36bb19","status":"affected","version":"5a1c84b404a7176b8b36e2a0041b6f0adb3151a3","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"d675fefbaec3815b3ae0af1bebd97f27df3a05c8","status":"affected","version":"5a1c84b404a7176b8b36e2a0041b6f0adb3151a3","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"63eac98d6f0898229f515cb62fe4e4db2430e99c","status":"affected","version":"5a1c84b404a7176b8b36e2a0041b6f0adb3151a3","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"bfb701192129803191c9cd6cdd1f82cd07f8de2c","status":"affected","version":"5a1c84b404a7176b8b36e2a0041b6f0adb3151a3","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"1ff2302e8aeac7f2eedb551d7a89617283b5c6b2","status":"affected","version":"5a1c84b404a7176b8b36e2a0041b6f0adb3151a3","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"58d0d02dbc67438fc80223fdd7bbc49cf0733284","status":"affected","version":"5a1c84b404a7176b8b36e2a0041b6f0adb3151a3","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"6aaced5abd32e2a57cd94fd64f824514d0361da8","status":"affected","version":"5a1c84b404a7176b8b36e2a0041b6f0adb3151a3","versionType":"git"}]},{"defaultStatus":"affected","product":"Linux","programFiles":["mm/vmscan.c"],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","vendor":"Linux","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"4.8"},{"lessThan":"4.8","status":"unaffected","version":"0","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"5.4.*","status":"unaffected","version":"5.4.289","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"5.10.*","status":"unaffected","version":"5.10.233","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"5.15.*","status":"unaffected","version":"5.15.176","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.1.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.1.124","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.6.70","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.12.9","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.13","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"cpeMatch":[{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"5.4.289","versionStartIncluding":"4.8","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"5.10.233","versionStartIncluding":"4.8","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"5.15.176","versionStartIncluding":"4.8","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.1.124","versionStartIncluding":"4.8","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.70","versionStartIncluding":"4.8","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.9","versionStartIncluding":"4.8","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.13","versionStartIncluding":"4.8","vulnerable":true}],"negate":false,"operator":"OR"}]}],"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmm: vmscan: account for free pages to prevent infinite Loop in throttle_direct_reclaim()\n\nThe task sometimes continues looping in throttle_direct_reclaim() because\nallow_direct_reclaim(pgdat) keeps returning false.  \n\n #0 [ffff80002cb6f8d0] __switch_to at ffff8000080095ac\n #1 [ffff80002cb6f900] __schedule at ffff800008abbd1c\n #2 [ffff80002cb6f990] schedule at ffff800008abc50c\n #3 [ffff80002cb6f9b0] throttle_direct_reclaim at ffff800008273550\n #4 [ffff80002cb6fa20] try_to_free_pages at ffff800008277b68\n #5 [ffff80002cb6fae0] __alloc_pages_nodemask at ffff8000082c4660\n #6 [ffff80002cb6fc50] alloc_pages_vma at ffff8000082e4a98\n #7 [ffff80002cb6fca0] do_anonymous_page at ffff80000829f5a8\n #8 [ffff80002cb6fce0] __handle_mm_fault at ffff8000082a5974\n #9 [ffff80002cb6fd90] handle_mm_fault at ffff8000082a5bd4\n\nAt this point, the pgdat contains the following two zones:\n\n        NODE: 4  ZONE: 0  ADDR: ffff00817fffe540  NAME: \"DMA32\"\n          SIZE: 20480  MIN/LOW/HIGH: 11/28/45\n          VM_STAT:\n                NR_FREE_PAGES: 359\n        NR_ZONE_INACTIVE_ANON: 18813\n          NR_ZONE_ACTIVE_ANON: 0\n        NR_ZONE_INACTIVE_FILE: 50\n          NR_ZONE_ACTIVE_FILE: 0\n          NR_ZONE_UNEVICTABLE: 0\n        NR_ZONE_WRITE_PENDING: 0\n                     NR_MLOCK: 0\n                    NR_BOUNCE: 0\n                   NR_ZSPAGES: 0\n            NR_FREE_CMA_PAGES: 0\n\n        NODE: 4  ZONE: 1  ADDR: ffff00817fffec00  NAME: \"Normal\"\n          SIZE: 8454144  PRESENT: 98304  MIN/LOW/HIGH: 68/166/264\n          VM_STAT:\n                NR_FREE_PAGES: 146\n        NR_ZONE_INACTIVE_ANON: 94668\n          NR_ZONE_ACTIVE_ANON: 3\n        NR_ZONE_INACTIVE_FILE: 735\n          NR_ZONE_ACTIVE_FILE: 78\n          NR_ZONE_UNEVICTABLE: 0\n        NR_ZONE_WRITE_PENDING: 0\n                     NR_MLOCK: 0\n                    NR_BOUNCE: 0\n                   NR_ZSPAGES: 0\n            NR_FREE_CMA_PAGES: 0\n\nIn allow_direct_reclaim(), while processing ZONE_DMA32, the sum of\ninactive/active file-backed pages calculated in zone_reclaimable_pages()\nbased on the result of zone_page_state_snapshot() is zero.  \n\nAdditionally, since this system lacks swap, the calculation of inactive/\nactive anonymous pages is skipped.\n\n        crash> p nr_swap_pages\n        nr_swap_pages = $1937 = {\n          counter = 0\n        }\n\nAs a result, ZONE_DMA32 is deemed unreclaimable and skipped, moving on to\nthe processing of the next zone, ZONE_NORMAL, despite ZONE_DMA32 having\nfree pages significantly exceeding the high watermark.\n\nThe problem is that the pgdat->kswapd_failures hasn't been incremented.\n\n        crash> px ((struct pglist_data *) 0xffff00817fffe540)->kswapd_failures\n        $1935 = 0x0\n\nThis is because the node deemed balanced.  The node balancing logic in\nbalance_pgdat() evaluates all zones collectively.  If one or more zones\n(e.g., ZONE_DMA32) have enough free pages to meet their watermarks, the\nentire node is deemed balanced.  This causes balance_pgdat() to exit early\nbefore incrementing the kswapd_failures, as it considers the overall\nmemory state acceptable, even though some zones (like ZONE_NORMAL) remain\nunder significant pressure.\n\n\nThe patch ensures that zone_reclaimable_pages() includes free pages\n(NR_FREE_PAGES) in its calculation when no other reclaimable pages are\navailable (e.g., file-backed or anonymous pages).  This change prevents\nzones like ZONE_DMA32, which have sufficient free pages, from being\nmistakenly deemed unreclaimable.  By doing so, the patch ensures proper\nnode balancing, avoids masking pressure on other zones like ZONE_NORMAL,\nand prevents infinite loops in throttle_direct_reclaim() caused by\nallow_direct_reclaim(pgdat) repeatedly returning false.\n\n\nThe kernel hangs due to a task stuck in throttle_direct_reclaim(), caused\nby a node being incorrectly deemed balanced despite pressure in certain\nzones, such as ZONE_NORMAL.  This issue arises from\nzone_reclaimable_pages\n---truncated---"}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-05-11T20:59:45.654Z","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux"},"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/66cd37660ec34ec444fe42f2277330ae4a36bb19"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d675fefbaec3815b3ae0af1bebd97f27df3a05c8"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/63eac98d6f0898229f515cb62fe4e4db2430e99c"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bfb701192129803191c9cd6cdd1f82cd07f8de2c"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1ff2302e8aeac7f2eedb551d7a89617283b5c6b2"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/58d0d02dbc67438fc80223fdd7bbc49cf0733284"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6aaced5abd32e2a57cd94fd64f824514d0361da8"}],"title":"mm: vmscan: account for free pages to prevent infinite Loop in throttle_direct_reclaim()","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}}},"cveMetadata":{"assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","assignerShortName":"Linux","cveId":"CVE-2024-57884","datePublished":"2025-01-15T13:05:37.152Z","dateReserved":"2025-01-11T14:45:42.024Z","dateUpdated":"2026-10-15T01:00:40.208Z","state":"PUBLISHED"},"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2"},"nvd":{"publishedDate":"2025-01-15 13:15:12","lastModifiedDate":"2026-10-15 02:17:11","problem_types":["CWE-835"],"metrics":{"cvssMetricV31":[{"source":"nvd@nist.gov","type":"Primary","cvssData":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","baseScore":5.5,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","attackVector":"LOCAL","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"NONE","integrityImpact":"NONE","availabilityImpact":"HIGH"},"exploitabilityScore":1.8,"impactScore":3.6}]},"configurations":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.8","versionEndExcluding":"5.4.289","matchCriteriaId":"AFEE1CE8-F8D1-4B61-A4A1-164EE28392E6"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.5","versionEndExcluding":"5.10.233","matchCriteriaId":"44569A17-FE4C-4BE3-9C0C-74AC54C7B51B"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.11","versionEndExcluding":"5.15.176","matchCriteriaId":"DDBD8FC6-2357-4347-BFA1-B4A4A3039F35"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.16","versionEndExcluding":"6.1.124","matchCriteriaId":"1B69CE1B-5219-42EB-B7DD-7E7D7F1DB032"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.2","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.70","matchCriteriaId":"51E6CFF2-92AA-4936-95AB-2D068168A696"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.7","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.9","matchCriteriaId":"1D13AF97-FFED-4B68-906D-CFE38D0B88DD"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"62567B3C-6CEE-46D0-BC2E-B3717FBF7D13"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"5A073481-106D-4B15-B4C7-FB0213B8E1D4"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"DE491969-75AE-4A6B-9A58-8FC5AF98798F"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"93C0660D-7FB8-4FBA-892A-B064BA71E49E"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"034C36A6-C481-41F3-AE9A-D116E5BE6895"}]}]}]},"legacy_mitre":{"record":{"CveYear":"2024","CveId":"57884","Ordinal":"1","Title":"mm: vmscan: account for free pages to prevent infinite Loop in t","CVE":"CVE-2024-57884","Year":"2024"},"notes":[{"CveYear":"2024","CveId":"57884","Ordinal":"1","NoteData":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmm: vmscan: account for free pages to prevent infinite Loop in throttle_direct_reclaim()\n\nThe task sometimes continues looping in throttle_direct_reclaim() because\nallow_direct_reclaim(pgdat) keeps returning false.  \n\n #0 [ffff80002cb6f8d0] __switch_to at ffff8000080095ac\n #1 [ffff80002cb6f900] __schedule at ffff800008abbd1c\n #2 [ffff80002cb6f990] schedule at ffff800008abc50c\n #3 [ffff80002cb6f9b0] throttle_direct_reclaim at ffff800008273550\n #4 [ffff80002cb6fa20] try_to_free_pages at ffff800008277b68\n #5 [ffff80002cb6fae0] __alloc_pages_nodemask at ffff8000082c4660\n #6 [ffff80002cb6fc50] alloc_pages_vma at ffff8000082e4a98\n #7 [ffff80002cb6fca0] do_anonymous_page at ffff80000829f5a8\n #8 [ffff80002cb6fce0] __handle_mm_fault at ffff8000082a5974\n #9 [ffff80002cb6fd90] handle_mm_fault at ffff8000082a5bd4\n\nAt this point, the pgdat contains the following two zones:\n\n        NODE: 4  ZONE: 0  ADDR: ffff00817fffe540  NAME: \"DMA32\"\n          SIZE: 20480  MIN/LOW/HIGH: 11/28/45\n          VM_STAT:\n                NR_FREE_PAGES: 359\n        NR_ZONE_INACTIVE_ANON: 18813\n          NR_ZONE_ACTIVE_ANON: 0\n        NR_ZONE_INACTIVE_FILE: 50\n          NR_ZONE_ACTIVE_FILE: 0\n          NR_ZONE_UNEVICTABLE: 0\n        NR_ZONE_WRITE_PENDING: 0\n                     NR_MLOCK: 0\n                    NR_BOUNCE: 0\n                   NR_ZSPAGES: 0\n            NR_FREE_CMA_PAGES: 0\n\n        NODE: 4  ZONE: 1  ADDR: ffff00817fffec00  NAME: \"Normal\"\n          SIZE: 8454144  PRESENT: 98304  MIN/LOW/HIGH: 68/166/264\n          VM_STAT:\n                NR_FREE_PAGES: 146\n        NR_ZONE_INACTIVE_ANON: 94668\n          NR_ZONE_ACTIVE_ANON: 3\n        NR_ZONE_INACTIVE_FILE: 735\n          NR_ZONE_ACTIVE_FILE: 78\n          NR_ZONE_UNEVICTABLE: 0\n        NR_ZONE_WRITE_PENDING: 0\n                     NR_MLOCK: 0\n                    NR_BOUNCE: 0\n                   NR_ZSPAGES: 0\n            NR_FREE_CMA_PAGES: 0\n\nIn allow_direct_reclaim(), while processing ZONE_DMA32, the sum of\ninactive/active file-backed pages calculated in zone_reclaimable_pages()\nbased on the result of zone_page_state_snapshot() is zero.  \n\nAdditionally, since this system lacks swap, the calculation of inactive/\nactive anonymous pages is skipped.\n\n        crash> p nr_swap_pages\n        nr_swap_pages = $1937 = {\n          counter = 0\n        }\n\nAs a result, ZONE_DMA32 is deemed unreclaimable and skipped, moving on to\nthe processing of the next zone, ZONE_NORMAL, despite ZONE_DMA32 having\nfree pages significantly exceeding the high watermark.\n\nThe problem is that the pgdat->kswapd_failures hasn't been incremented.\n\n        crash> px ((struct pglist_data *) 0xffff00817fffe540)->kswapd_failures\n        $1935 = 0x0\n\nThis is because the node deemed balanced.  The node balancing logic in\nbalance_pgdat() evaluates all zones collectively.  If one or more zones\n(e.g., ZONE_DMA32) have enough free pages to meet their watermarks, the\nentire node is deemed balanced.  This causes balance_pgdat() to exit early\nbefore incrementing the kswapd_failures, as it considers the overall\nmemory state acceptable, even though some zones (like ZONE_NORMAL) remain\nunder significant pressure.\n\n\nThe patch ensures that zone_reclaimable_pages() includes free pages\n(NR_FREE_PAGES) in its calculation when no other reclaimable pages are\navailable (e.g., file-backed or anonymous pages).  This change prevents\nzones like ZONE_DMA32, which have sufficient free pages, from being\nmistakenly deemed unreclaimable.  By doing so, the patch ensures proper\nnode balancing, avoids masking pressure on other zones like ZONE_NORMAL,\nand prevents infinite loops in throttle_direct_reclaim() caused by\nallow_direct_reclaim(pgdat) repeatedly returning false.\n\n\nThe kernel hangs due to a task stuck in throttle_direct_reclaim(), caused\nby a node being incorrectly deemed balanced despite pressure in certain\nzones, such as ZONE_NORMAL.  This issue arises from\nzone_reclaimable_pages\n---truncated---","Type":"Description","Title":"mm: vmscan: account for free pages to prevent infinite Loop in t"}]}}}