{"api_version":"1","generated_at":"2026-10-22T18:29:23+00:00","cve":"CVE-2025-12480","urls":{"html":"https://cve.report/CVE-2025-12480","api":"https://cve.report/api/cve/CVE-2025-12480.json","docs":"https://cve.report/api","cve_org":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12480","nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12480"},"summary":{"title":"CVE-2025-12480","description":"Triofox versions prior to 16.7.10368.56560, are vulnerable to an Improper Access Control flaw that allows access to initial setup pages even after setup is complete.","state":"PUBLISHED","assigner":"Mandiant","published_at":"2025-11-10 15:15:36","updated_at":"2026-10-19 13:10:00"},"problem_types":["CWE-284","CWE-284 CWE-284: Improper Access Control"],"metrics":[{"version":"3.1","source":"mandiant-cve@google.com","type":"Secondary","score":"9.1","severity":"CRITICAL","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","data":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","baseScore":9.1,"baseSeverity":"CRITICAL","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","availabilityImpact":"NONE"}},{"version":"3.1","source":"CNA","type":"CVSS","score":"9.1","severity":"CRITICAL","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","data":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"NONE","baseScore":9.1,"baseSeverity":"CRITICAL","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","version":"3.1"}}],"references":[{"url":"https://www.triofox.com/","name":"https://www.triofox.com/","refsource":"mandiant-cve@google.com","tags":["Product"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/triofox-vulnerability-cve-2025-12480","name":"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/triofox-vulnerability-cve-2025-12480","refsource":"mandiant-cve@google.com","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://github.com/mandiant/Vulnerability-Disclosures/blob/master/2025/MNDT-2025-0008.md","name":"https://github.com/mandiant/Vulnerability-Disclosures/blob/master/2025/MNDT-2025-0008.md","refsource":"mandiant-cve@google.com","tags":["Third Party Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-12480","name":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-12480","refsource":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","tags":["US Government Resource"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://access.triofox.com/releases_history/","name":"https://access.triofox.com/releases_history/","refsource":"mandiant-cve@google.com","tags":["Release Notes"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12480","name":"CVE Program record","refsource":"CVE.ORG","tags":["canonical"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12480","name":"NVD vulnerability detail","refsource":"NVD","tags":["canonical","analysis"]}],"affected":[{"source":"CNA","vendor":"TrioFox","product":"TrioFox","version":"affected 16.7.10368.56560 custom","platforms":[]}],"timeline":[{"source":"ADP","time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00.000Z","lang":"en","value":"CVE-2025-12480 added to CISA KEV"}],"solutions":[],"workarounds":[],"exploits":[],"credits":[{"source":"CNA","value":"Stallone D’Souza, Mandiant","lang":"en"}],"nvd_cpes":[{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"12480","vulnerable":"1","versionEndIncluding":"","cpe1":"cpe","cpe2":"2.3","cpe3":"a","cpe4":"gladinet","cpe5":"triofox","cpe6":"*","cpe7":"*","cpe8":"*","cpe9":"*","cpe10":"*","cpe11":"*","cpe12":"*","cpe13":"*"}],"vendor_comments":[],"enrichments":{"kev":{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"12480","cve":"CVE-2025-12480","vendorProject":"Gladinet","product":"Triofox","vulnerabilityName":"Gladinet Triofox Improper Access Control Vulnerability","dateAdded":"2025-11-12","shortDescription":"Gladinet Triofox contains an improper access control vulnerability that allows access to initial setup pages even after setup is complete.","requiredAction":"Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","dueDate":"2025-12-03","knownRansomwareCampaignUse":"Unknown","notes":"https://access.triofox.com/releases_history ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12480","cwes":"CWE-284","catalogVersion":"2026.10.21","updated_at":"2026-10-21 15:07:44"},"epss":{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"12480","cve":"CVE-2025-12480","epss":"0.957480000","percentile":"0.998740000","score_date":"2026-10-21","updated_at":"2026-10-22 00:15:10"},"legacy_qids":[]},"source_records":{"cve_program":{"containers":{"adp":[{"metrics":[{"other":{"content":{"id":"CVE-2025-12480","options":[{"Exploitation":"active"},{"Automatable":"yes"},{"Technical Impact":"total"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","timestamp":"2025-11-11T04:55:39.630430Z","version":"2.0.3"},"type":"ssvc"}},{"other":{"content":{"dateAdded":"2025-11-12","reference":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-12480"},"type":"kev"}}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-02-26T17:47:04.149Z","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","shortName":"CISA-ADP"},"references":[{"tags":["government-resource"],"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-12480"}],"timeline":[{"lang":"en","time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00.000Z","value":"CVE-2025-12480 added to CISA KEV"}],"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment"}],"cna":{"affected":[{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","product":"TrioFox","vendor":"TrioFox","versions":[{"lessThan":"16.7.10368.56560","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"custom"}]}],"credits":[{"lang":"en","type":"finder","value":"Stallone D’Souza, Mandiant"}],"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","supportingMedia":[{"base64":false,"type":"text/html","value":"Triofox versions prior to 16.7.10368.56560, are vulnerable to an Improper Access Control flaw that allows access to initial setup pages even after setup is complete."}],"value":"Triofox versions prior to 16.7.10368.56560, are vulnerable to an Improper Access Control flaw that allows access to initial setup pages even after setup is complete."}],"impacts":[{"capecId":"CAPEC-115","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"CAPEC-115 Authentication Bypass"}]}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"NONE","baseScore":9.1,"baseSeverity":"CRITICAL","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","version":"3.1"},"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"GENERAL"}]}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-284","description":"CWE-284: Improper Access Control","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2025-11-10T15:28:21.167Z","orgId":"027e81ed-0dd4-4685-ab4d-884aec5bb484","shortName":"Mandiant"},"references":[{"tags":["third-party-advisory"],"url":"https://github.com/mandiant/Vulnerability-Disclosures/blob/master/2025/MNDT-2025-0008.md"},{"tags":["product"],"url":"https://www.triofox.com/"},{"tags":["release-notes"],"url":"https://access.triofox.com/releases_history/"},{"tags":["third-party-advisory"],"url":"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/triofox-vulnerability-cve-2025-12480"}],"source":{"discovery":"UNKNOWN"},"x_generator":{"engine":"Vulnogram 0.5.0"}}},"cveMetadata":{"assignerOrgId":"027e81ed-0dd4-4685-ab4d-884aec5bb484","assignerShortName":"Mandiant","cveId":"CVE-2025-12480","datePublished":"2025-11-10T14:20:40.677Z","dateReserved":"2025-10-29T16:41:20.748Z","dateUpdated":"2026-02-26T17:47:04.149Z","state":"PUBLISHED"},"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2"},"nvd":{"publishedDate":"2025-11-10 15:15:36","lastModifiedDate":"2026-10-19 13:10:00","problem_types":["CWE-284","CWE-284 CWE-284: Improper Access Control"],"metrics":{"cvssMetricV31":[{"source":"mandiant-cve@google.com","type":"Secondary","cvssData":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","baseScore":9.1,"baseSeverity":"CRITICAL","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","availabilityImpact":"NONE"},"exploitabilityScore":3.9,"impactScore":5.2}],"ssvcV203":[{"source":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","ssvcData":{"timestamp":"2025-11-11T04:55:39.630430Z","id":"CVE-2025-12480","options":[{"exploitation":"active"},{"automatable":"yes"},{"technicalImpact":"total"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}]},"configurations":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:a:gladinet:triofox:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"16.7.10368.56560","matchCriteriaId":"85D1B442-0354-472A-9A4C-1417AAE16936"}]}]}]},"legacy_mitre":{"record":{"CveYear":"2025","CveId":"12480","Ordinal":"1","Title":"CVE-2025-12480","CVE":"CVE-2025-12480","Year":"2025"},"notes":[{"CveYear":"2025","CveId":"12480","Ordinal":"1","NoteData":"Triofox versions prior to 16.7.10368.56560, are vulnerable to an Improper Access Control flaw that allows access to initial setup pages even after setup is complete.","Type":"Description","Title":"CVE-2025-12480"}]}}}