{"api_version":"1","generated_at":"2026-07-23T14:33:02+00:00","cve":"CVE-2025-39871","urls":{"html":"https://cve.report/CVE-2025-39871","api":"https://cve.report/api/cve/CVE-2025-39871.json","docs":"https://cve.report/api","cve_org":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39871","nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39871"},"summary":{"title":"dmaengine: idxd: Remove improper idxd_free","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndmaengine: idxd: Remove improper idxd_free\n\nThe call to idxd_free() introduces a duplicate put_device() leading to a\nreference count underflow:\nrefcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.\nWARNING: CPU: 15 PID: 4428 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0xbe/0x110\n...\nCall Trace:\n <TASK>\n  idxd_remove+0xe4/0x120 [idxd]\n  pci_device_remove+0x3f/0xb0\n  device_release_driver_internal+0x197/0x200\n  driver_detach+0x48/0x90\n  bus_remove_driver+0x74/0xf0\n  pci_unregister_driver+0x2e/0xb0\n  idxd_exit_module+0x34/0x7a0 [idxd]\n  __do_sys_delete_module.constprop.0+0x183/0x280\n  do_syscall_64+0x54/0xd70\n  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n\nThe idxd_unregister_devices() which is invoked at the very beginning of\nidxd_remove(), already takes care of the necessary put_device() through the\nfollowing call path:\nidxd_unregister_devices() -> device_unregister() -> put_device()\n\nIn addition, when CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE is enabled, put_device() may\ntrigger asynchronous cleanup via schedule_delayed_work(). If idxd_free() is\ncalled immediately after, it can result in a use-after-free.\n\nRemove the improper idxd_free() to avoid both the refcount underflow and\npotential memory corruption during module unload.","state":"PUBLISHED","assigner":"Linux","published_at":"2025-09-23 06:15:46","updated_at":"2026-07-14 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the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndmaengine: idxd: Remove improper idxd_free\n\nThe call to idxd_free() introduces a duplicate put_device() leading to a\nreference count underflow:\nrefcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.\nWARNING: CPU: 15 PID: 4428 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0xbe/0x110\n...\nCall Trace:\n <TASK>\n  idxd_remove+0xe4/0x120 [idxd]\n  pci_device_remove+0x3f/0xb0\n  device_release_driver_internal+0x197/0x200\n  driver_detach+0x48/0x90\n  bus_remove_driver+0x74/0xf0\n  pci_unregister_driver+0x2e/0xb0\n  idxd_exit_module+0x34/0x7a0 [idxd]\n  __do_sys_delete_module.constprop.0+0x183/0x280\n  do_syscall_64+0x54/0xd70\n  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n\nThe idxd_unregister_devices() which is invoked at the very beginning of\nidxd_remove(), already takes care of the necessary put_device() through the\nfollowing call path:\nidxd_unregister_devices() -> device_unregister() -> put_device()\n\nIn addition, when CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE is enabled, put_device() may\ntrigger asynchronous cleanup via schedule_delayed_work(). If idxd_free() is\ncalled immediately after, it can result in a use-after-free.\n\nRemove the improper idxd_free() to avoid both the refcount underflow and\npotential memory corruption during module unload."}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-05-23T16:00:53.676Z","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux"},"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24414bbcb37e1af95190af36c21ae51d497e1a9e"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0e95ee7f532b21206fe3f1c4054002b0d21e3b9c"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dd7a7e43269711d757fc260b0bbdf7138f75de11"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da4fbc1488a4cec6748da685181ee4449a878dac"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f41c538881eec4dcf5961a242097d447f848cda6"}],"title":"dmaengine: idxd: Remove improper idxd_free","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}}},"cveMetadata":{"assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","assignerShortName":"Linux","cveId":"CVE-2025-39871","datePublished":"2025-09-23T06:00:44.882Z","dateReserved":"2025-04-16T07:20:57.143Z","dateUpdated":"2026-07-14T12:43:03.820Z","state":"PUBLISHED"},"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2"},"nvd":{"publishedDate":"2025-09-23 06:15:46","lastModifiedDate":"2026-07-14 13:17:50","problem_types":["CWE-416"],"metrics":{"cvssMetricV31":[{"source":"nvd@nist.gov","type":"Primary","cvssData":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","attackVector":"LOCAL","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","availabilityImpact":"HIGH"},"exploitabilityScore":1.8,"impactScore":5.9}]},"configurations":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.1.140","versionEndExcluding":"6.2","matchCriteriaId":"7FD4135A-5FD8-42EC-96EF-0D543B459AF9"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.6.92","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.107","matchCriteriaId":"F0D6C6AD-255E-4DEC-BFBF-BE391301882F"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.12.30","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.48","matchCriteriaId":"8CA170D6-7672-432A-BFF1-1F441A6AC24C"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.14.8","versionEndExcluding":"6.15","matchCriteriaId":"F41DF25A-BF6E-49BA-950C-6BD0DA29BE5A"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.15.1","versionEndExcluding":"6.16.8","matchCriteriaId":"3C553B62-BF8E-4B75-B4C8-DA0C5BDAE7D1"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:-:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"A1ECC65A-EE37-4479-8E99-4BB68A22A31F"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"C300BA32-5854-4B59-A00A-18A402F291D0"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"327D22EF-390B-454C-BD31-2ED23C998A1C"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"C730CD9A-D969-4A8E-9522-162AAF7C0EE9"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"39982C4B-716E-4B2F-8196-FA301F47807D"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"340BEEA9-D70D-4290-B502-FBB1032353B1"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"47E4C5C0-079F-4838-971B-8C503D48FCC2"}]}]}]},"legacy_mitre":{"record":{"CveYear":"2025","CveId":"39871","Ordinal":"1","Title":"dmaengine: idxd: Remove improper idxd_free","CVE":"CVE-2025-39871","Year":"2025"},"notes":[{"CveYear":"2025","CveId":"39871","Ordinal":"1","NoteData":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndmaengine: idxd: Remove improper idxd_free\n\nThe call to idxd_free() introduces a duplicate put_device() leading to a\nreference count underflow:\nrefcount_t: underflow; use-after-free.\nWARNING: CPU: 15 PID: 4428 at lib/refcount.c:28 refcount_warn_saturate+0xbe/0x110\n...\nCall Trace:\n <TASK>\n  idxd_remove+0xe4/0x120 [idxd]\n  pci_device_remove+0x3f/0xb0\n  device_release_driver_internal+0x197/0x200\n  driver_detach+0x48/0x90\n  bus_remove_driver+0x74/0xf0\n  pci_unregister_driver+0x2e/0xb0\n  idxd_exit_module+0x34/0x7a0 [idxd]\n  __do_sys_delete_module.constprop.0+0x183/0x280\n  do_syscall_64+0x54/0xd70\n  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n\nThe idxd_unregister_devices() which is invoked at the very beginning of\nidxd_remove(), already takes care of the necessary put_device() through the\nfollowing call path:\nidxd_unregister_devices() -> device_unregister() -> put_device()\n\nIn addition, when CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE is enabled, put_device() may\ntrigger asynchronous cleanup via schedule_delayed_work(). If idxd_free() is\ncalled immediately after, it can result in a use-after-free.\n\nRemove the improper idxd_free() to avoid both the refcount underflow and\npotential memory corruption during module unload.","Type":"Description","Title":"dmaengine: idxd: Remove improper idxd_free"}]}}}