{"api_version":"1","generated_at":"2026-04-17T06:07:04+00:00","cve":"CVE-2025-40891","urls":{"html":"https://cve.report/CVE-2025-40891","api":"https://cve.report/api/cve/CVE-2025-40891.json","docs":"https://cve.report/api","cve_org":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-40891","nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-40891"},"summary":{"title":"HTML injection in in Time Machine functionality in Guardian/CMC before 25.5.0","description":"A Stored HTML Injection vulnerability was discovered in the Time Machine Snapshot Diff functionality due to improper validation of network traffic data. An unauthenticated attacker can send specially crafted network packets at two different times to inject HTML tags into asset attributes across two snapshots. Exploitation requires a victim to use the Time Machine Snapshot Diff feature on those specific snapshots and perform specific GUI actions, at which point the injected HTML renders in their browser, enabling phishing and open redirect attacks. Full XSS exploitation is prevented by input validation and Content Security Policy. Attack complexity is high due to multiple required conditions.","state":"PUBLISHED","assigner":"Nozomi","published_at":"2025-12-18 14:15:59","updated_at":"2026-04-14 10:16:26"},"problem_types":["CWE-79","CWE-79 CWE-79 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting')"],"metrics":[{"version":"4.0","source":"prodsec@nozominetworks.com","type":"Secondary","score":"2.3","severity":"LOW","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","data":{"version":"4.0","vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","baseScore":2.3,"baseSeverity":"LOW","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"HIGH","attackRequirements":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"PASSIVE","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","vulnIntegrityImpact":"LOW","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","subConfidentialityImpact":"LOW","subIntegrityImpact":"LOW","subAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","exploitMaturity":"NOT_DEFINED","confidentialityRequirement":"NOT_DEFINED","integrityRequirement":"NOT_DEFINED","availabilityRequirement":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedAttackVector":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedAttackComplexity":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedAttackRequirements":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedPrivilegesRequired":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedUserInteraction":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedSubIntegrityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","Safety":"NOT_DEFINED","Automatable":"NOT_DEFINED","Recovery":"NOT_DEFINED","valueDensity":"NOT_DEFINED","vulnerabilityResponseEffort":"NOT_DEFINED","providerUrgency":"NOT_DEFINED"}},{"version":"4.0","source":"CNA","type":"CVSS","score":"2.3","severity":"LOW","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N","data":{"Automatable":"NOT_DEFINED","Recovery":"NOT_DEFINED","Safety":"NOT_DEFINED","attackComplexity":"HIGH","attackRequirements":"NONE","attackVector":"NETWORK","baseScore":2.3,"baseSeverity":"LOW","exploitMaturity":"NOT_DEFINED","privilegesRequired":"NONE","providerUrgency":"NOT_DEFINED","subAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","subConfidentialityImpact":"LOW","subIntegrityImpact":"LOW","userInteraction":"PASSIVE","valueDensity":"NOT_DEFINED","vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N","version":"4.0","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","vulnIntegrityImpact":"LOW","vulnerabilityResponseEffort":"NOT_DEFINED"}},{"version":"3.1","source":"nvd@nist.gov","type":"Primary","score":"4.7","severity":"MEDIUM","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N","data":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N","baseScore":4.7,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"REQUIRED","scope":"CHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"LOW","integrityImpact":"LOW","availabilityImpact":"NONE"}},{"version":"3.1","source":"prodsec@nozominetworks.com","type":"Secondary","score":"4.7","severity":"MEDIUM","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N","data":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N","baseScore":4.7,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"REQUIRED","scope":"CHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"LOW","integrityImpact":"LOW","availabilityImpact":"NONE"}},{"version":"3.1","source":"CNA","type":"CVSS","score":"4.7","severity":"MEDIUM","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N","data":{"attackComplexity":"HIGH","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"NONE","baseScore":4.7,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","confidentialityImpact":"LOW","integrityImpact":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"NONE","scope":"CHANGED","userInteraction":"REQUIRED","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N","version":"3.1"}}],"references":[{"url":"https://security.nozominetworks.com/NN-2025:12-01","name":"https://security.nozominetworks.com/NN-2025:12-01","refsource":"prodsec@nozominetworks.com","tags":["Vendor Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-827968.html","name":"https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-827968.html","refsource":"0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-40891","name":"CVE Program record","refsource":"CVE.ORG","tags":["canonical"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-40891","name":"NVD vulnerability detail","refsource":"NVD","tags":["canonical","analysis"]}],"affected":[{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Nozomi Networks","product":"Guardian","version":"affected 25.5.0 semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Nozomi Networks","product":"CMC","version":"affected 25.5.0 semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"ADP","vendor":"Siemens","product":"RUGGEDCOM APE1808","version":"affected * custom","platforms":[]}],"timeline":[],"solutions":[{"source":"CNA","title":"","value":"Upgrade to v25.5.0 or later.","time":"","lang":"en"}],"workarounds":[],"exploits":[],"credits":[{"source":"CNA","value":"This issue was found by Stefano Libero and Andrea Palanca of Nozomi Networks Product Security team during an internal investigation.","lang":"en"}],"nvd_cpes":[{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"40891","vulnerable":"1","versionEndIncluding":"","cpe1":"cpe","cpe2":"2.3","cpe3":"a","cpe4":"nozominetworks","cpe5":"cmc","cpe6":"*","cpe7":"*","cpe8":"*","cpe9":"*","cpe10":"*","cpe11":"*","cpe12":"*","cpe13":"*"},{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"40891","vulnerable":"1","versionEndIncluding":"","cpe1":"cpe","cpe2":"2.3","cpe3":"a","cpe4":"nozominetworks","cpe5":"guardian","cpe6":"*","cpe7":"*","cpe8":"*","cpe9":"*","cpe10":"*","cpe11":"*","cpe12":"*","cpe13":"*"}],"vendor_comments":[],"enrichments":{"kev":null,"epss":{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"40891","cve":"CVE-2025-40891","epss":"0.000400000","percentile":"0.122150000","score_date":"2026-04-15","updated_at":"2026-04-16 00:13:56"},"legacy_qids":[]},"source_records":{"cve_program":{"containers":{"adp":[{"metrics":[{"other":{"content":{"id":"CVE-2025-40891","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","timestamp":"2025-12-18T14:31:41.787585Z","version":"2.0.3"},"type":"ssvc"}}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2025-12-18T14:32:26.508Z","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","shortName":"CISA-ADP"},"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment"},{"affected":[{"defaultStatus":"unknown","product":"RUGGEDCOM APE1808","vendor":"Siemens","versions":[{"lessThan":"*","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"custom"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-04-14T08:58:08.457Z","orgId":"0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e","shortName":"siemens-SADP"},"references":[{"url":"https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-827968.html"}],"x_adpType":"supplier"}],"cna":{"affected":[{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","product":"Guardian","vendor":"Nozomi Networks","versions":[{"lessThan":"25.5.0","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"semver"}]},{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","product":"CMC","vendor":"Nozomi Networks","versions":[{"lessThan":"25.5.0","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"semver"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"cpeMatch":[{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:a:nozomi_networks:guardian:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"25.5.0","versionStartIncluding":"0","vulnerable":true}],"negate":false,"operator":"OR"},{"cpeMatch":[{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:a:nozomi_networks:cmc:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"25.5.0","versionStartIncluding":"0","vulnerable":true}],"negate":false,"operator":"OR"}],"operator":"OR"}],"credits":[{"lang":"en","type":"finder","value":"This issue was found by Stefano Libero and Andrea Palanca of Nozomi Networks Product Security team during an internal investigation."}],"datePublic":"2025-12-18T08:00:00.000Z","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","supportingMedia":[{"base64":false,"type":"text/html","value":"A Stored HTML Injection vulnerability was discovered in the Time Machine Snapshot Diff functionality due to improper validation of network traffic data. An unauthenticated attacker can send specially crafted network packets at two different times to inject HTML tags into asset attributes across two snapshots. Exploitation requires a victim to use the Time Machine Snapshot Diff feature on those specific snapshots and perform specific GUI actions, at which point the injected HTML renders in their browser, enabling phishing and open redirect attacks. Full XSS exploitation is prevented by input validation and Content Security Policy. Attack complexity is high due to multiple required conditions."}],"value":"A Stored HTML Injection vulnerability was discovered in the Time Machine Snapshot Diff functionality due to improper validation of network traffic data. An unauthenticated attacker can send specially crafted network packets at two different times to inject HTML tags into asset attributes across two snapshots. Exploitation requires a victim to use the Time Machine Snapshot Diff feature on those specific snapshots and perform specific GUI actions, at which point the injected HTML renders in their browser, enabling phishing and open redirect attacks. Full XSS exploitation is prevented by input validation and Content Security Policy. Attack complexity is high due to multiple required conditions."}],"impacts":[{"capecId":"CAPEC-592","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"CAPEC-592 Stored XSS"}]}],"metrics":[{"cvssV4_0":{"Automatable":"NOT_DEFINED","Recovery":"NOT_DEFINED","Safety":"NOT_DEFINED","attackComplexity":"HIGH","attackRequirements":"NONE","attackVector":"NETWORK","baseScore":2.3,"baseSeverity":"LOW","exploitMaturity":"NOT_DEFINED","privilegesRequired":"NONE","providerUrgency":"NOT_DEFINED","subAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","subConfidentialityImpact":"LOW","subIntegrityImpact":"LOW","userInteraction":"PASSIVE","valueDensity":"NOT_DEFINED","vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N","version":"4.0","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","vulnIntegrityImpact":"LOW","vulnerabilityResponseEffort":"NOT_DEFINED"},"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"GENERAL"}]},{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"HIGH","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"NONE","baseScore":4.7,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","confidentialityImpact":"LOW","integrityImpact":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"NONE","scope":"CHANGED","userInteraction":"REQUIRED","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N","version":"3.1"},"format":"CVSS","scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"GENERAL"}]}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-79","description":"CWE-79 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting')","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2025-12-18T13:14:35.366Z","orgId":"bec8025f-a851-46e5-b3a3-058e6b0aa23c","shortName":"Nozomi"},"references":[{"url":"https://security.nozominetworks.com/NN-2025:12-01"}],"solutions":[{"lang":"en","supportingMedia":[{"base64":false,"type":"text/html","value":"<div><div>Upgrade to v25.5.0 or later.</div></div>"}],"value":"Upgrade to v25.5.0 or later."}],"source":{"discovery":"INTERNAL"},"title":"HTML injection in in Time Machine functionality in Guardian/CMC before 25.5.0","x_generator":{"engine":"Vulnogram 0.2.0"}}},"cveMetadata":{"assignerOrgId":"bec8025f-a851-46e5-b3a3-058e6b0aa23c","assignerShortName":"Nozomi","cveId":"CVE-2025-40891","datePublished":"2025-12-18T13:14:35.366Z","dateReserved":"2025-04-16T09:04:25.006Z","dateUpdated":"2026-04-14T08:58:08.457Z","state":"PUBLISHED"},"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2"},"nvd":{"publishedDate":"2025-12-18 14:15:59","lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-14 10:16:26","problem_types":["CWE-79","CWE-79 CWE-79 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting')"],"metrics":{"cvssMetricV40":[{"source":"prodsec@nozominetworks.com","type":"Secondary","cvssData":{"version":"4.0","vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X","baseScore":2.3,"baseSeverity":"LOW","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"HIGH","attackRequirements":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"PASSIVE","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","vulnIntegrityImpact":"LOW","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","subConfidentialityImpact":"LOW","subIntegrityImpact":"LOW","subAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","exploitMaturity":"NOT_DEFINED","confidentialityRequirement":"NOT_DEFINED","integrityRequirement":"NOT_DEFINED","availabilityRequirement":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedAttackVector":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedAttackComplexity":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedAttackRequirements":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedPrivilegesRequired":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedUserInteraction":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedSubIntegrityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact":"NOT_DEFINED","Safety":"NOT_DEFINED","Automatable":"NOT_DEFINED","Recovery":"NOT_DEFINED","valueDensity":"NOT_DEFINED","vulnerabilityResponseEffort":"NOT_DEFINED","providerUrgency":"NOT_DEFINED"}}],"cvssMetricV31":[{"source":"prodsec@nozominetworks.com","type":"Secondary","cvssData":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N","baseScore":4.7,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"REQUIRED","scope":"CHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"LOW","integrityImpact":"LOW","availabilityImpact":"NONE"},"exploitabilityScore":1.6,"impactScore":2.7},{"source":"nvd@nist.gov","type":"Primary","cvssData":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N","baseScore":4.7,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"REQUIRED","scope":"CHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"LOW","integrityImpact":"LOW","availabilityImpact":"NONE"},"exploitabilityScore":1.6,"impactScore":2.7}]},"configurations":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:a:nozominetworks:cmc:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"25.5.0","matchCriteriaId":"91C795BB-9FFC-4FB0-B686-38DA32ACD478"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:a:nozominetworks:guardian:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"25.5.0","matchCriteriaId":"5FBA5D15-9BD3-4062-8560-FEB7FDF4180D"}]}]}]},"legacy_mitre":{"record":{"CveYear":"2025","CveId":"40891","Ordinal":"1","Title":"HTML injection in in Time Machine functionality in Guardian/CMC ","CVE":"CVE-2025-40891","Year":"2025"},"notes":[{"CveYear":"2025","CveId":"40891","Ordinal":"1","NoteData":"A Stored HTML Injection vulnerability was discovered in the Time Machine Snapshot Diff functionality due to improper validation of network traffic data. An unauthenticated attacker can send specially crafted network packets at two different times to inject HTML tags into asset attributes across two snapshots. Exploitation requires a victim to use the Time Machine Snapshot Diff feature on those specific snapshots and perform specific GUI actions, at which point the injected HTML renders in their browser, enabling phishing and open redirect attacks. Full XSS exploitation is prevented by input validation and Content Security Policy. Attack complexity is high due to multiple required conditions.","Type":"Description","Title":"HTML injection in in Time Machine functionality in Guardian/CMC "}]}}}