{"api_version":"1","generated_at":"2026-07-23T09:44:18+00:00","cve":"CVE-2025-4091","urls":{"html":"https://cve.report/CVE-2025-4091","api":"https://cve.report/api/cve/CVE-2025-4091.json","docs":"https://cve.report/api","cve_org":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-4091","nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4091"},"summary":{"title":"Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox 138, Thunderbird 138, Firefox ESR 128.10, and Thunderbird 128.10","description":"Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 137, Thunderbird 137, Firefox ESR 128.9, and Thunderbird 128.9. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 138, Firefox ESR 128.10, Thunderbird 138, and Thunderbird 128.10.","state":"PUBLISHED","assigner":"mozilla","published_at":"2025-04-29 14:15:35","updated_at":"2026-04-13 15:17:00"},"problem_types":["CWE-119","CWE-119 CWE-119 Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer"],"metrics":[{"version":"3.1","source":"ADP","type":"DECLARED","score":"8.1","severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","data":{"attackComplexity":"HIGH","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","baseScore":8.1,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"}},{"version":"3.1","source":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","type":"Secondary","score":"8.1","severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","data":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":8.1,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","availabilityImpact":"HIGH"}}],"references":[{"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00024.html","name":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00024.html","refsource":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-32/","name":"https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-32/","refsource":"security@mozilla.org","tags":["Vendor Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-31/","name":"https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-31/","refsource":"security@mozilla.org","tags":["Vendor Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=1951161%2C1952105","name":"https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=1951161%2C1952105","refsource":"security@mozilla.org","tags":["Broken Link"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-28/","name":"https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-28/","refsource":"security@mozilla.org","tags":["Vendor Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-29/","name":"https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-29/","refsource":"security@mozilla.org","tags":["Vendor Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-4091","name":"CVE Program record","refsource":"CVE.ORG","tags":["canonical"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4091","name":"NVD vulnerability detail","refsource":"NVD","tags":["canonical","analysis"]}],"affected":[{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Mozilla","product":"Firefox","version":"unaffected 128.10 128.* rpm","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Mozilla","product":"Firefox","version":"unaffected 138 * rpm","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Mozilla","product":"Thunderbird","version":"unaffected 128.10 128.* rpm","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Mozilla","product":"Thunderbird","version":"unaffected 138 * rpm","platforms":[]}],"timeline":[],"solutions":[],"workarounds":[],"exploits":[],"credits":[{"source":"CNA","value":"Maurice Dauer and the Mozilla Fuzzing Team","lang":"en"}],"nvd_cpes":[{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"4091","vulnerable":"1","versionEndIncluding":"","cpe1":"cpe","cpe2":"2.3","cpe3":"a","cpe4":"mozilla","cpe5":"firefox","cpe6":"*","cpe7":"*","cpe8":"*","cpe9":"*","cpe10":"-","cpe11":"*","cpe12":"*","cpe13":"*"},{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"4091","vulnerable":"1","versionEndIncluding":"","cpe1":"cpe","cpe2":"2.3","cpe3":"a","cpe4":"mozilla","cpe5":"firefox","cpe6":"*","cpe7":"*","cpe8":"*","cpe9":"*","cpe10":"esr","cpe11":"*","cpe12":"*","cpe13":"*"},{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"4091","vulnerable":"1","versionEndIncluding":"","cpe1":"cpe","cpe2":"2.3","cpe3":"a","cpe4":"mozilla","cpe5":"thunderbird","cpe6":"*","cpe7":"*","cpe8":"*","cpe9":"*","cpe10":"-","cpe11":"*","cpe12":"*","cpe13":"*"},{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"4091","vulnerable":"1","versionEndIncluding":"","cpe1":"cpe","cpe2":"2.3","cpe3":"a","cpe4":"mozilla","cpe5":"thunderbird","cpe6":"*","cpe7":"*","cpe8":"*","cpe9":"*","cpe10":"esr","cpe11":"*","cpe12":"*","cpe13":"*"}],"vendor_comments":[],"enrichments":{"kev":null,"epss":{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"4091","cve":"CVE-2025-4091","epss":"0.004360000","percentile":"0.630280000","score_date":"2026-04-15","updated_at":"2026-04-16 00:13:56"},"legacy_qids":[]},"source_records":{"cve_program":{"containers":{"adp":[{"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"HIGH","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","baseScore":8.1,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"}},{"other":{"content":{"id":"CVE-2025-4091","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"total"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","timestamp":"2025-04-29T15:36:41.850174Z","version":"2.0.3"},"type":"ssvc"}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-119","description":"CWE-119 Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2025-09-22T17:45:47.414Z","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","shortName":"CISA-ADP"},"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment"},{"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2025-11-03T19:58:53.160Z","orgId":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108","shortName":"CVE"},"references":[{"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00024.html"}],"title":"CVE Program Container"}],"cna":{"affected":[{"product":"Firefox","vendor":"Mozilla","versions":[{"lessThanOrEqual":"128.*","status":"unaffected","version":"128.10","versionType":"rpm"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","version":"138","versionType":"rpm"}]},{"product":"Thunderbird","vendor":"Mozilla","versions":[{"lessThanOrEqual":"128.*","status":"unaffected","version":"128.10","versionType":"rpm"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","version":"138","versionType":"rpm"}]}],"credits":[{"lang":"en","value":"Maurice Dauer and the Mozilla Fuzzing Team"}],"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","supportingMedia":[{"base64":false,"type":"text/html","value":"Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 137, Thunderbird 137, Firefox ESR 128.9, and Thunderbird 128.9. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 138, Firefox ESR 128.10, Thunderbird 138, and Thunderbird 128.10."}],"value":"Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 137, Thunderbird 137, Firefox ESR 128.9, and Thunderbird 128.9. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 138, Firefox ESR 128.10, Thunderbird 138, and Thunderbird 128.10."}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-04-13T14:27:22.909Z","orgId":"f16b083a-5664-49f3-a51e-8d479e5ed7fe","shortName":"mozilla"},"references":[{"name":"Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox 138, Thunderbird 138, Firefox ESR 128.10, and Thunderbird 128.10","url":"https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=1951161%2C1952105"},{"url":"https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-28/"},{"url":"https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-29/"},{"url":"https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-31/"},{"url":"https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-32/"}],"title":"Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox 138, Thunderbird 138, Firefox ESR 128.10, and Thunderbird 128.10"}},"cveMetadata":{"assignerOrgId":"f16b083a-5664-49f3-a51e-8d479e5ed7fe","assignerShortName":"mozilla","cveId":"CVE-2025-4091","datePublished":"2025-04-29T13:13:48.089Z","dateReserved":"2025-04-29T13:13:47.408Z","dateUpdated":"2026-04-13T14:27:22.909Z","state":"PUBLISHED"},"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2"},"nvd":{"publishedDate":"2025-04-29 14:15:35","lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-13 15:17:00","problem_types":["CWE-119","CWE-119 CWE-119 Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer"],"metrics":{"cvssMetricV31":[{"source":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","type":"Secondary","cvssData":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":8.1,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","availabilityImpact":"HIGH"},"exploitabilityScore":2.2,"impactScore":5.9}]},"configurations":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox:*:*:*:*:esr:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"128.10","matchCriteriaId":"3378E5EE-9ABF-444B-AA88-9EAF8D8058DE"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:firefox:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"138.0","matchCriteriaId":"EB8A8C7B-B65D-4DF5-BDB5-0C3C4E2DB72C"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:esr:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"128.10.0","matchCriteriaId":"DC19822B-CC07-4C6F-BAAD-C7A9C4E73FA9"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:-:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"138.0","matchCriteriaId":"D1E8CCF1-4E91-44CC-A652-B23D1337A485"}]}]}]},"legacy_mitre":{"record":{"CveYear":"2025","CveId":"4091","Ordinal":"1","Title":"Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox 138, Thunderbird 138, Firefo","CVE":"CVE-2025-4091","Year":"2025"},"notes":[{"CveYear":"2025","CveId":"4091","Ordinal":"1","NoteData":"Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 137, Thunderbird 137, Firefox ESR 128.9, and Thunderbird 128.9. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 138, Firefox ESR 128.10, Thunderbird 138, and Thunderbird 128.10.","Type":"Description","Title":"Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox 138, Thunderbird 138, Firefo"}]}}}