{"api_version":"1","generated_at":"2026-07-23T12:14:04+00:00","cve":"CVE-2025-43520","urls":{"html":"https://cve.report/CVE-2025-43520","api":"https://cve.report/api/cve/CVE-2025-43520.json","docs":"https://cve.report/api","cve_org":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43520","nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43520"},"summary":{"title":"CVE-2025-43520","description":"A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS 18.7.2, iOS 26.1 and iPadOS 26.1, macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, macOS Sonoma 14.8.2, macOS Tahoe 26.1, tvOS 26.1, visionOS 26.1, watchOS 26.1. A malicious application may be able to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory.","state":"PUBLISHED","assigner":"apple","published_at":"2025-12-12 21:15:56","updated_at":"2026-04-03 14:28:03"},"problem_types":["CWE-120","A malicious application may be able to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory","CWE-120 CWE-120 Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')"],"metrics":[{"version":"3.1","source":"nvd@nist.gov","type":"Primary","score":"5.5","severity":"MEDIUM","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","data":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","baseScore":5.5,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","attackVector":"LOCAL","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"NONE","integrityImpact":"NONE","availabilityImpact":"HIGH"}},{"version":"3.1","source":"ADP","type":"DECLARED","score":"5.5","severity":"MEDIUM","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","data":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"LOCAL","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","baseScore":5.5,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","confidentialityImpact":"NONE","integrityImpact":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"LOW","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","version":"3.1"}},{"version":"3.1","source":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","type":"Secondary","score":"5.5","severity":"MEDIUM","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","data":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","baseScore":5.5,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","attackVector":"LOCAL","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"NONE","integrityImpact":"NONE","availabilityImpact":"HIGH"}}],"references":[{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125634","name":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125634","refsource":"product-security@apple.com","tags":["Release Notes","Vendor Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125639","name":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125639","refsource":"product-security@apple.com","tags":["Release Notes","Vendor Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125636","name":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125636","refsource":"product-security@apple.com","tags":["Release Notes","Vendor Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/darksword-ios-exploit-chain/","name":"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/darksword-ios-exploit-chain/","refsource":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","tags":["Technical Description"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125632","name":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125632","refsource":"product-security@apple.com","tags":["Release Notes","Vendor Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-43520","name":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-43520","refsource":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","tags":["US Government Resource"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125633","name":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125633","refsource":"product-security@apple.com","tags":["Release Notes","Vendor Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125637","name":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125637","refsource":"product-security@apple.com","tags":["Release Notes","Vendor Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125638","name":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125638","refsource":"product-security@apple.com","tags":["Release Notes","Vendor Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125635","name":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125635","refsource":"product-security@apple.com","tags":["Release Notes","Vendor Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-43520","name":"CVE Program record","refsource":"CVE.ORG","tags":["canonical"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43520","name":"NVD vulnerability detail","refsource":"NVD","tags":["canonical","analysis"]}],"affected":[{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Apple","product":"iOS and iPadOS","version":"affected 18.7.2 custom","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Apple","product":"iOS and iPadOS","version":"affected 26.1 custom","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Apple","product":"macOS","version":"affected 14.8.2 custom","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Apple","product":"macOS","version":"affected 15.7.2 custom","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Apple","product":"macOS","version":"affected 26.1 custom","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Apple","product":"tvOS","version":"affected 26.1 custom","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Apple","product":"visionOS","version":"affected 26.1 custom","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Apple","product":"watchOS","version":"affected 26.1 custom","platforms":[]}],"timeline":[],"solutions":[],"workarounds":[],"exploits":[],"credits":[],"nvd_cpes":[{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"43520","vulnerable":"1","versionEndIncluding":"","cpe1":"cpe","cpe2":"2.3","cpe3":"o","cpe4":"apple","cpe5":"ipados","cpe6":"*","cpe7":"*","cpe8":"*","cpe9":"*","cpe10":"*","cpe11":"*","cpe12":"*","cpe13":"*"},{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"43520","vulnerable":"1","versionEndIncluding":"","cpe1":"cpe","cpe2":"2.3","cpe3":"o","cpe4":"apple","cpe5":"ipados","cpe6":"26.0","cpe7":"*","cpe8":"*","cpe9":"*","cpe10":"*","cpe11":"*","cpe12":"*","cpe13":"*"},{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"43520","vulnerable":"1","versionEndIncluding":"","cpe1":"cpe","cpe2":"2.3","cpe3":"o","cpe4":"apple","cpe5":"iphone_os","cpe6":"*","cpe7":"*","cpe8":"*","cpe9":"*","cpe10":"*","cpe11":"*","cpe12":"*","cpe13":"*"},{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"43520","vulnerable":"1","versionEndIncluding":"","cpe1":"cpe","cpe2":"2.3","cpe3":"o","cpe4":"apple","cpe5":"iphone_os","cpe6":"26.0","cpe7":"*","cpe8":"*","cpe9":"*","cpe10":"*","cpe11":"*","cpe12":"*","cpe13":"*"},{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"43520","vulnerable":"1","versionEndIncluding":"","cpe1":"cpe","cpe2":"2.3","cpe3":"o","cpe4":"apple","cpe5":"macos","cpe6":"*","cpe7":"*","cpe8":"*","cpe9":"*","cpe10":"*","cpe11":"*","cpe12":"*","cpe13":"*"}],"vendor_comments":[],"enrichments":{"kev":{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"43520","cve":"CVE-2025-43520","vendorProject":"Apple","product":"Multiple Products","vulnerabilityName":"Apple Multiple Products Classic Buffer Overflow Vulnerability","dateAdded":"2026-03-20","shortDescription":"Apple watchOS, iOS, iPadOS, macOS, visionOS, and tvOS contain a classic buffer overflow vulnerability which could allow a malicious application to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory.","requiredAction":"Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","dueDate":"2026-04-03","knownRansomwareCampaignUse":"Unknown","notes":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125632 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/125633 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/125634 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/125635 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/125636 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/125637 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/125638 ; https://support.apple.com/en-us/125639 ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43520","cwes":"CWE-120","catalogVersion":"2026.07.22","updated_at":"2026-07-22 20:07:15"},"epss":{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"43520","cve":"CVE-2025-43520","epss":"0.004080000","percentile":"0.333060000","score_date":"2026-07-22","updated_at":"2026-07-23 00:09:32"},"legacy_qids":[]},"source_records":{"cve_program":{"containers":{"adp":[{"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"LOCAL","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","baseScore":5.5,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","confidentialityImpact":"NONE","integrityImpact":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"LOW","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","version":"3.1"}},{"other":{"content":{"id":"CVE-2025-43520","options":[{"Exploitation":"active"},{"Automatable":"no"},{"Technical Impact":"total"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","timestamp":"2026-03-21T04:01:02.724402Z","version":"2.0.3"},"type":"ssvc"}},{"other":{"content":{"dateAdded":"2026-03-20","reference":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-43520"},"type":"kev"}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-120","description":"CWE-120 Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-03-23T13:13:35.401Z","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","shortName":"CISA-ADP"},"references":[{"tags":["third-party-advisory"],"url":"https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/darksword-ios-exploit-chain/"},{"tags":["government-resource"],"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-43520"}],"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment"}],"cna":{"affected":[{"product":"iOS and iPadOS","vendor":"Apple","versions":[{"lessThan":"18.7.2","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"custom"},{"lessThan":"26.1","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"custom"}]},{"product":"macOS","vendor":"Apple","versions":[{"lessThan":"14.8.2","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"custom"},{"lessThan":"15.7.2","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"custom"},{"lessThan":"26.1","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"custom"}]},{"product":"tvOS","vendor":"Apple","versions":[{"lessThan":"26.1","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"custom"}]},{"product":"visionOS","vendor":"Apple","versions":[{"lessThan":"26.1","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"custom"}]},{"product":"watchOS","vendor":"Apple","versions":[{"lessThan":"26.1","status":"affected","version":"0","versionType":"custom"}]}],"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS 18.7.2, iOS 26.1 and iPadOS 26.1, macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, macOS Sonoma 14.8.2, macOS Tahoe 26.1, tvOS 26.1, visionOS 26.1, watchOS 26.1. A malicious application may be able to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory."}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"description":"A malicious application may be able to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory","lang":"en"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-04-02T18:11:45.764Z","orgId":"286789f9-fbc2-4510-9f9a-43facdede74c","shortName":"apple"},"references":[{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125632"},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125633"},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125634"},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125635"},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125636"},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125637"},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125638"},{"url":"https://support.apple.com/en-us/125639"}]}},"cveMetadata":{"assignerOrgId":"286789f9-fbc2-4510-9f9a-43facdede74c","assignerShortName":"apple","cveId":"CVE-2025-43520","datePublished":"2025-12-12T20:56:25.542Z","dateReserved":"2025-04-16T15:27:21.196Z","dateUpdated":"2026-04-02T18:11:45.764Z","state":"PUBLISHED"},"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2"},"nvd":{"publishedDate":"2025-12-12 21:15:56","lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-03 14:28:03","problem_types":["CWE-120","A malicious application may be able to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory","CWE-120 CWE-120 Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')"],"metrics":{"cvssMetricV31":[{"source":"nvd@nist.gov","type":"Primary","cvssData":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","baseScore":5.5,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","attackVector":"LOCAL","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"NONE","integrityImpact":"NONE","availabilityImpact":"HIGH"},"exploitabilityScore":1.8,"impactScore":3.6},{"source":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","type":"Secondary","cvssData":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","baseScore":5.5,"baseSeverity":"MEDIUM","attackVector":"LOCAL","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"NONE","integrityImpact":"NONE","availabilityImpact":"HIGH"},"exploitabilityScore":1.8,"impactScore":3.6}]},"configurations":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"18.7.2","matchCriteriaId":"819E8F86-A336-49A2-853F-249459279A59"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:26.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"4173F942-2CF6-447E-A942-948F6EF6CE77"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"18.7.2","matchCriteriaId":"7B98B4A6-EFB0-4651-BF56-06917E7CEC85"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:26.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"E29A276A-7091-42B2-B893-6A5801A0716E"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"14.0","versionEndExcluding":"14.8.2","matchCriteriaId":"9827CBDC-8C03-46BA-B534-8533F0975804"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"15.0","versionEndExcluding":"15.7.2","matchCriteriaId":"4BE8199E-63D1-496C-B107-52853CFC2311"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:26.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","matchCriteriaId":"551159EE-8311-4A13-802D-85871DAB5E77"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:apple:tvos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"26.1","matchCriteriaId":"290E0D29-CB5B-45A7-9FE3-FD2030B1D1A4"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:apple:visionos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"26.1","matchCriteriaId":"7DFD3616-65CA-4E5C-849C-3C20ACBCB610"},{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:apple:watchos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"26.1","matchCriteriaId":"9F9D7F76-13FB-407C-94E5-221B93021568"}]}]}]},"legacy_mitre":{"record":{"CveYear":"2025","CveId":"43520","Ordinal":"1","Title":"CVE-2025-43520","CVE":"CVE-2025-43520","Year":"2025"},"notes":[{"CveYear":"2025","CveId":"43520","Ordinal":"1","NoteData":"A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.2 and iPadOS 18.7.2, iOS 26.1 and iPadOS 26.1, macOS Sequoia 15.7.2, macOS Sonoma 14.8.2, macOS Tahoe 26.1, tvOS 26.1, visionOS 26.1, watchOS 26.1. A malicious application may be able to cause unexpected system termination or write kernel memory.","Type":"Description","Title":"CVE-2025-43520"}]}}}