{"api_version":"1","generated_at":"2026-07-23T15:44:46+00:00","cve":"CVE-2025-45691","urls":{"html":"https://cve.report/CVE-2025-45691","api":"https://cve.report/api/cve/CVE-2025-45691.json","docs":"https://cve.report/api","cve_org":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-45691","nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-45691"},"summary":{"title":"CVE-2025-45691","description":"An Arbitrary File Read vulnerability exists in the ImageTextPromptValue class in Exploding Gradients RAGAS v0.2.3 to v0.2.14. The vulnerability stems from improper validation and sanitization of URLs supplied in the retrieved_contexts parameter when handling multimodal inputs.","state":"PUBLISHED","assigner":"mitre","published_at":"2026-03-05 19:16:00","updated_at":"2026-07-15 02:17:26"},"problem_types":["CWE-22","CWE-918","n/a","CWE-22 CWE-22 Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')","CWE-918 Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)"],"metrics":[{"version":"3.1","source":"ADP","type":"DECLARED","score":"7.5","severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","data":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"NONE","baseScore":7.5,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","version":"3.1"}},{"version":"3.1","source":"ADP","type":"CVSS","score":"7.5","severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","data":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"NONE","baseScore":7.5,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","version":"3.1"}},{"version":"3.1","source":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","type":"Secondary","score":"7.5","severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","data":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","baseScore":7.5,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"NONE","availabilityImpact":"NONE"}},{"version":"3.1","source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c","type":"Secondary","score":"7.5","severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","data":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","baseScore":7.5,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"NONE","availabilityImpact":"NONE"}}],"references":[{"url":"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-45691.json","name":"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-45691.json","refsource":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-45691","name":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-45691","refsource":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://adithyanak.com/ragas-v0214-arbitrary-file-read-vulnerability","name":"https://adithyanak.com/ragas-v0214-arbitrary-file-read-vulnerability","refsource":"cve@mitre.org","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://github.com/explodinggradients/ragas/pull/1559","name":"https://github.com/explodinggradients/ragas/pull/1559","refsource":"cve@mitre.org","tags":["Exploit","Issue Tracking","Patch"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://github.com/vibrantlabsai/ragas/pull/1991","name":"https://github.com/vibrantlabsai/ragas/pull/1991","refsource":"cve@mitre.org","tags":["Exploit","Issue Tracking","Patch","Vendor Advisory"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2444875","name":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2444875","refsource":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://github.com/explodinggradients/ragas/blob/e97886ac976465efb60e5949c5d69baf30cc811d/src/ragas/prompt/multi_modal_prompt.py#L202","name":"https://github.com/explodinggradients/ragas/blob/e97886ac976465efb60e5949c5d69baf30cc811d/src/ragas/prompt/multi_modal_prompt.py#L202","refsource":"cve@mitre.org","tags":["Product"],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-45691","name":"CVE Program record","refsource":"CVE.ORG","tags":["canonical"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-45691","name":"NVD vulnerability detail","refsource":"NVD","tags":["canonical","analysis"]}],"affected":[{"source":"CNA","vendor":"n/a","product":"n/a","version":"affected n/a","platforms":[]},{"source":"ADP","vendor":"Red Hat","product":"Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)","version":"","platforms":[]},{"source":"ADP","vendor":"Red Hat","product":"Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)","version":"","platforms":[]}],"timeline":[{"source":"ADP","time":"2026-03-05T19:01:13.314Z","lang":"en","value":"Reported to Red Hat."},{"source":"ADP","time":"2026-03-05T00:00:00.000Z","lang":"en","value":"Made public."}],"solutions":[],"workarounds":[],"exploits":[],"credits":[],"nvd_cpes":[{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"45691","vulnerable":"1","versionEndIncluding":"0.2.14","cpe1":"cpe","cpe2":"2.3","cpe3":"a","cpe4":"vibrantlabsai","cpe5":"ragas","cpe6":"*","cpe7":"*","cpe8":"*","cpe9":"*","cpe10":"*","cpe11":"*","cpe12":"*","cpe13":"*"}],"vendor_comments":[],"enrichments":{"kev":null,"epss":{"cve_year":"2025","cve_id":"45691","cve":"CVE-2025-45691","epss":"0.005340000","percentile":"0.414680000","score_date":"2026-07-18","updated_at":"2026-07-19 00:01:39"},"legacy_qids":[]},"source_records":{"cve_program":{"containers":{"adp":[{"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"NONE","baseScore":7.5,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","version":"3.1"}},{"other":{"content":{"id":"CVE-2025-45691","options":[{"Exploitation":"none"},{"Automatable":"yes"},{"Technical Impact":"partial"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","timestamp":"2026-03-06T09:32:37.219657Z","version":"2.0.3"},"type":"ssvc"}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-22","description":"CWE-22 Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-03-06T09:34:50.586Z","orgId":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","shortName":"CISA-ADP"},"title":"CISA ADP Vulnrichment"},{"affected":[{"collectionURL":"https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/","cpes":["cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai"],"defaultStatus":"unaffected","packageName":"rhoai/odh-llama-stack-core-rhel9","product":"Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)","vendor":"Red Hat"},{"collectionURL":"https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/","cpes":["cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai"],"defaultStatus":"unaffected","packageName":"rhoai/odh-trustyai-ragas-lls-provider-dsp-rhel9","product":"Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)","vendor":"Red Hat"}],"datePublic":"2026-03-05T00:00:00.000Z","descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"A flaw was found in Ragas. Improper validation of URLs supplied in the retrieved_contexts parameter when handling multimodal inputs leads to Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF). This vulnerability allows attackers to perform arbitrary file reads, conduct internal port scans and access cloud metadata."}],"metrics":[{"other":{"content":{"namespace":"https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/","value":"Important"},"type":"Red Hat severity rating"}},{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"NETWORK","availabilityImpact":"NONE","baseScore":7.5,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"NONE","privilegesRequired":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"NONE","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","version":"3.1"},"format":"CVSS"}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-918","description":"Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-07-15T01:26:17.573Z","orgId":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c","shortName":"redhat-SADP"},"references":[{"tags":["vdb-entry","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-45691"},{"name":"RHBZ#2444875","tags":["issue-tracking","x_refsource_REDHAT"],"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2444875"},{"tags":["x_sadp-csaf-vex"],"url":"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-45691.json"}],"timeline":[{"lang":"en","time":"2026-03-05T19:01:13.314Z","value":"Reported to Red Hat."},{"lang":"en","time":"2026-03-05T00:00:00.000Z","value":"Made public."}],"title":"ragas: arbitrary file read via improper URL validation in multimodal inputs","x_adpType":"supplier","x_generator":{"engine":"sadp-cli 1.0.0"}}],"cna":{"affected":[{"product":"n/a","vendor":"n/a","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"n/a"}]}],"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"An Arbitrary File Read vulnerability exists in the ImageTextPromptValue class in Exploding Gradients RAGAS v0.2.3 to v0.2.14. The vulnerability stems from improper validation and sanitization of URLs supplied in the retrieved_contexts parameter when handling multimodal inputs."}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"description":"n/a","lang":"en","type":"text"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-03-05T17:21:08.072Z","orgId":"8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca","shortName":"mitre"},"references":[{"url":"https://adithyanak.com/ragas-v0214-arbitrary-file-read-vulnerability"},{"url":"https://github.com/explodinggradients/ragas/pull/1559"},{"url":"https://github.com/explodinggradients/ragas/blob/e97886ac976465efb60e5949c5d69baf30cc811d/src/ragas/prompt/multi_modal_prompt.py#L202"},{"url":"https://github.com/vibrantlabsai/ragas/pull/1991"}]}},"cveMetadata":{"assignerOrgId":"8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca","assignerShortName":"mitre","cveId":"CVE-2025-45691","datePublished":"2026-03-05T00:00:00.000Z","dateReserved":"2025-04-22T00:00:00.000Z","dateUpdated":"2026-07-15T01:26:17.573Z","state":"PUBLISHED"},"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2"},"nvd":{"publishedDate":"2026-03-05 19:16:00","lastModifiedDate":"2026-07-15 02:17:26","problem_types":["CWE-22","CWE-918","n/a","CWE-22 CWE-22 Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')","CWE-918 Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)"],"metrics":{"cvssMetricV31":[{"source":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","type":"Secondary","cvssData":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","baseScore":7.5,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"NONE","availabilityImpact":"NONE"},"exploitabilityScore":3.9,"impactScore":3.6},{"source":"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c","type":"Secondary","cvssData":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N","baseScore":7.5,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","attackVector":"NETWORK","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"NONE","availabilityImpact":"NONE"},"exploitabilityScore":3.9,"impactScore":3.6}],"ssvcV203":[{"source":"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0","ssvcData":{"timestamp":"2026-03-06T09:32:37.219657Z","id":"CVE-2025-45691","options":[{"exploitation":"none"},{"automatable":"yes"},{"technicalImpact":"partial"}],"role":"CISA Coordinator","version":"2.0.3"}}]},"configurations":[{"nodes":[{"operator":"OR","negate":false,"cpeMatch":[{"vulnerable":true,"criteria":"cpe:2.3:a:vibrantlabsai:ragas:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"0.2.3","versionEndIncluding":"0.2.14","matchCriteriaId":"BDF29FC6-06DE-4FCB-B624-268B0928E0C2"}]}]}]},"legacy_mitre":{"record":{"CveYear":"2025","CveId":"45691","Ordinal":"1","Title":"CVE-2025-45691","CVE":"CVE-2025-45691","Year":"2025"},"notes":[{"CveYear":"2025","CveId":"45691","Ordinal":"1","NoteData":"An Arbitrary File Read vulnerability exists in the ImageTextPromptValue class in Exploding Gradients RAGAS v0.2.3 to v0.2.14. The vulnerability stems from improper validation and sanitization of URLs supplied in the retrieved_contexts parameter when handling multimodal inputs.","Type":"Description","Title":"CVE-2025-45691"}]}}}