{"api_version":"1","generated_at":"2026-04-10T20:21:14+00:00","cve":"CVE-2026-40156","urls":{"html":"https://cve.report/CVE-2026-40156","api":"https://cve.report/api/cve/CVE-2026-40156.json","docs":"https://cve.report/api","cve_org":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-40156","nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40156"},"summary":{"title":"PraisonAI Affected by Implicit Execution of Arbitrary Code via Automatic `tools.py` Loading","description":"PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.128, PraisonAI automatically loads a file named tools.py from the current working directory to discover and register custom agent tools. This loading process uses importlib.util.spec_from_file_location and immediately executes module-level code via spec.loader.exec_module() without explicit user consent, validation, or sandboxing. The tools.py file is loaded implicitly, even when it is not referenced in configuration files or explicitly requested by the user. As a result, merely placing a file named tools.py in the working directory is sufficient to trigger code execution. This behavior violates the expected security boundary between user-controlled project files (e.g., YAML configurations) and executable code, as untrusted content in the working directory is treated as trusted and executed automatically. If an attacker can place a malicious tools.py file into a directory where a user or automated system (e.g., CI/CD pipeline) runs praisonai, arbitrary code execution occurs immediately upon startup, before any agent logic begins.  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If an attacker can place a malicious tools.py file into a directory where a user or automated system (e.g., CI/CD pipeline) runs praisonai, arbitrary code execution occurs immediately upon startup, before any agent logic begins.  This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.128."}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"attackComplexity":"LOW","attackVector":"LOCAL","availabilityImpact":"HIGH","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","privilegesRequired":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","userInteraction":"REQUIRED","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"}}],"problemTypes":[{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-94","description":"CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]},{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-426","description":"CWE-426: Untrusted Search Path","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]},{"descriptions":[{"cweId":"CWE-829","description":"CWE-829: Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere","lang":"en","type":"CWE"}]}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-04-10T16:46:15.807Z","orgId":"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa","shortName":"GitHub_M"},"references":[{"name":"https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-2g3w-cpc4-chr4","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM"],"url":"https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-2g3w-cpc4-chr4"}],"source":{"advisory":"GHSA-2g3w-cpc4-chr4","discovery":"UNKNOWN"},"title":"PraisonAI Affected by Implicit Execution of Arbitrary Code via Automatic `tools.py` Loading"}},"cveMetadata":{"assignerOrgId":"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa","assignerShortName":"GitHub_M","cveId":"CVE-2026-40156","datePublished":"2026-04-10T16:46:15.807Z","dateReserved":"2026-04-09T19:31:56.014Z","dateUpdated":"2026-04-10T16:46:15.807Z","state":"PUBLISHED"},"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2"},"nvd":{"publishedDate":"2026-04-10 17:17:13","lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-10 17:17:13","problem_types":["CWE-94","CWE-426","CWE-829","CWE-94 CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')","CWE-426 CWE-426: Untrusted Search Path","CWE-829 CWE-829: Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere"],"metrics":{"cvssMetricV31":[{"source":"security-advisories@github.com","type":"Secondary","cvssData":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","attackVector":"LOCAL","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"REQUIRED","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","availabilityImpact":"HIGH"},"exploitabilityScore":1.8,"impactScore":5.9}]},"configurations":[]},"legacy_mitre":{"record":{"CveYear":"2026","CveId":"40156","Ordinal":"1","Title":"PraisonAI Affected by Implicit Execution of Arbitrary Code via A","CVE":"CVE-2026-40156","Year":"2026"},"notes":[{"CveYear":"2026","CveId":"40156","Ordinal":"1","NoteData":"PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to 4.5.128, PraisonAI automatically loads a file named tools.py from the current working directory to discover and register custom agent tools. This loading process uses importlib.util.spec_from_file_location and immediately executes module-level code via spec.loader.exec_module() without explicit user consent, validation, or sandboxing. The tools.py file is loaded implicitly, even when it is not referenced in configuration files or explicitly requested by the user. As a result, merely placing a file named tools.py in the working directory is sufficient to trigger code execution. This behavior violates the expected security boundary between user-controlled project files (e.g., YAML configurations) and executable code, as untrusted content in the working directory is treated as trusted and executed automatically. If an attacker can place a malicious tools.py file into a directory where a user or automated system (e.g., CI/CD pipeline) runs praisonai, arbitrary code execution occurs immediately upon startup, before any agent logic begins.  This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.128.","Type":"Description","Title":"PraisonAI Affected by Implicit Execution of Arbitrary Code via A"}]}}}