{"api_version":"1","generated_at":"2026-08-17T16:01:08+00:00","cve":"CVE-2026-72125","urls":{"html":"https://cve.report/CVE-2026-72125","api":"https://cve.report/api/cve/CVE-2026-72125.json","docs":"https://cve.report/api","cve_org":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72125","nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72125"},"summary":{"title":"can: isotp: fix use-after-free race with concurrent NETDEV_UNREGISTER","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncan: isotp: fix use-after-free race with concurrent NETDEV_UNREGISTER\n\nisotp_release() looked up the bound network device via dev_get_by_index()\nusing the stored ifindex. During device unregistration the device is\nunlisted from the ifindex hash before the NETDEV_UNREGISTER notifier\nchain runs, so a concurrent isotp_release() could find no device, skip\ncan_rx_unregister() entirely, and still proceed to free the socket.\nSince isotp_release() had already removed itself from the isotp\nnotifier list at that point, isotp_notify() would never get a chance to\nclean up either, leaving a stale CAN filter that keeps pointing at the\nfreed socket.\n\nFix this the same way raw.c already does: hold a tracked reference to\nthe bound net_device in the socket (so->dev/so->dev_tracker) from\nbind() onward instead of re-resolving it from the ifindex, and\nserialize bind()/release() with rtnl_lock() so that so->dev is always\nconsistent with what the NETDEV_UNREGISTER notifier sees. so->dev\nstays valid regardless of ifindex-hash unlisting, and is only ever\ncleared by whichever of isotp_release()/isotp_notify() gets there\nfirst, so the filter is always removed exactly once.\n\nisotp_bind() now rejects a (re)bind with -EAGAIN while so->[tx|rx].state\nisn't ISOTP_IDLE yet, so a timer left running by a prior\nNETDEV_UNREGISTER can't act on a newly bound so->ifindex. Both checks\nshare the same lock_sock() section, so there is no window in which a\nconcurrent isotp_notify() clearing so->bound could be missed.","state":"PUBLISHED","assigner":"Linux","published_at":"2026-08-15 06:21:29","updated_at":"2026-08-17 06:18:12"},"problem_types":[],"metrics":[{"version":"3.1","source":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","type":"Secondary","score":"7.8","severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","data":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","attackVector":"LOCAL","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","availabilityImpact":"HIGH"}},{"version":"3.1","source":"CNA","type":"DECLARED","score":"7.8","severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","data":{"baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"}}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7bef39ba76eb7307ed22a50329e0f5776dbeda58","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7bef39ba76eb7307ed22a50329e0f5776dbeda58","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0b811c4bbe3ec9ad611e90a540fe8b51b3bb8a96","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0b811c4bbe3ec9ad611e90a540fe8b51b3bb8a96","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/20bab8b88baac140ca3701116e1d486c7f51e311","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/20bab8b88baac140ca3701116e1d486c7f51e311","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e442b62ba5a7756c17e05a77b32cdd085a2b6138","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e442b62ba5a7756c17e05a77b32cdd085a2b6138","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/43884dc7963beef2328f507f4fe680bdc173eb80","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/43884dc7963beef2328f507f4fe680bdc173eb80","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72125","name":"CVE Program record","refsource":"CVE.ORG","tags":["canonical"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72125","name":"NVD vulnerability detail","refsource":"NVD","tags":["canonical","analysis"]}],"affected":[{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected e057dd3fc20ffb3d7f150af46542a51b59b90127 0b811c4bbe3ec9ad611e90a540fe8b51b3bb8a96 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected e057dd3fc20ffb3d7f150af46542a51b59b90127 43884dc7963beef2328f507f4fe680bdc173eb80 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected e057dd3fc20ffb3d7f150af46542a51b59b90127 7bef39ba76eb7307ed22a50329e0f5776dbeda58 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected e057dd3fc20ffb3d7f150af46542a51b59b90127 e442b62ba5a7756c17e05a77b32cdd085a2b6138 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 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original_commit_for_fix","platforms":[]}],"timeline":[],"solutions":[],"workarounds":[],"exploits":[],"credits":[],"nvd_cpes":[],"vendor_comments":[],"enrichments":{"kev":null,"epss":{"cve_year":"2026","cve_id":"72125","cve":"CVE-2026-72125","epss":"0.002000000","percentile":"0.102200000","score_date":"2026-08-16","updated_at":"2026-08-17 00:01:06"},"legacy_qids":[]},"source_records":{"cve_program":{"containers":{"cna":{"affected":[{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","product":"Linux","programFiles":["net/can/isotp.c"],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","vendor":"Linux","versions":[{"lessThan":"0b811c4bbe3ec9ad611e90a540fe8b51b3bb8a96","status":"affected","version":"e057dd3fc20ffb3d7f150af46542a51b59b90127","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"43884dc7963beef2328f507f4fe680bdc173eb80","status":"affected","version":"e057dd3fc20ffb3d7f150af46542a51b59b90127","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"7bef39ba76eb7307ed22a50329e0f5776dbeda58","status":"affected","version":"e057dd3fc20ffb3d7f150af46542a51b59b90127","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"e442b62ba5a7756c17e05a77b32cdd085a2b6138","status":"affected","version":"e057dd3fc20ffb3d7f150af46542a51b59b90127","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"20bab8b88baac140ca3701116e1d486c7f51e311","status":"affected","version":"e057dd3fc20ffb3d7f150af46542a51b59b90127","versionType":"git"}]},{"defaultStatus":"affected","product":"Linux","programFiles":["net/can/isotp.c"],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","vendor":"Linux","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"5.10"},{"lessThan":"5.10","status":"unaffected","version":"0","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.6.148","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.12.101","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.18.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.18.40","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"7.1.*","status":"unaffected","version":"7.1.5","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","version":"7.2","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"cpeMatch":[{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.148","versionStartIncluding":"5.10","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.101","versionStartIncluding":"5.10","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.18.40","versionStartIncluding":"5.10","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"7.1.5","versionStartIncluding":"5.10","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"7.2","versionStartIncluding":"5.10","vulnerable":true}],"negate":false,"operator":"OR"}]}],"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncan: isotp: fix use-after-free race with concurrent NETDEV_UNREGISTER\n\nisotp_release() looked up the bound network device via dev_get_by_index()\nusing the stored ifindex. During device unregistration the device is\nunlisted from the ifindex hash before the NETDEV_UNREGISTER notifier\nchain runs, so a concurrent isotp_release() could find no device, skip\ncan_rx_unregister() entirely, and still proceed to free the socket.\nSince isotp_release() had already removed itself from the isotp\nnotifier list at that point, isotp_notify() would never get a chance to\nclean up either, leaving a stale CAN filter that keeps pointing at the\nfreed socket.\n\nFix this the same way raw.c already does: hold a tracked reference to\nthe bound net_device in the socket (so->dev/so->dev_tracker) from\nbind() onward instead of re-resolving it from the ifindex, and\nserialize bind()/release() with rtnl_lock() so that so->dev is always\nconsistent with what the NETDEV_UNREGISTER notifier sees. so->dev\nstays valid regardless of ifindex-hash unlisting, and is only ever\ncleared by whichever of isotp_release()/isotp_notify() gets there\nfirst, so the filter is always removed exactly once.\n\nisotp_bind() now rejects a (re)bind with -EAGAIN while so->[tx|rx].state\nisn't ISOTP_IDLE yet, so a timer left running by a prior\nNETDEV_UNREGISTER can't act on a newly bound so->ifindex. Both checks\nshare the same lock_sock() section, so there is no window in which a\nconcurrent isotp_notify() clearing so->bound could be missed."}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"AV:L - Exploitation requires local AF_CAN ISO-TP socket operations (socket/bind/close) racing NETDEV_UNREGISTER on the bound CAN interface; stale-filter UAF is triggered via local frame injection or an existing bound interface, not a remote IP/network service.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race by concurrently closing the ISO-TP socket and unregistering the bound CAN device (e.g., vcan create/delete with CAP_NET_ADMIN in a user namespace), and can retry until the stale RX filter is left on a freed socket.\nPR:L - No init-namespace root is required: any local user can open CAN_ISOTP sockets, and CAP_NET_ADMIN obtainable in user namespaces suffices to create/delete vcan and drive the unregister path used in automotive/embedded ISO-TP (UDS) deployments.\nUI:N - No victim interaction is needed; the use-after-free is triggered by the attacker's own concurrent close()/NETDEV_UNREGISTER operations and subsequent CAN frames sent to the bound IDs.\nS:U - Impact is kernel heap corruption and potential privilege escalation within the same OS security boundary; it does not inherently cross VM, container, or IOMMU isolation boundaries.\nC:H - A stale can_rx filter keeps calling isotp_rcv()/isotp_rcv_echo() with a freed isotp_sock, enabling reads of reallocated slab contents through socket state, sock_queue_rcv_skb(), and protocol parsing on attacker-influenced memory.\nI:H - The UAF path performs extensive writes to freed socket state (RX/TX buffers, timers, generation counters) and can emit CAN traffic, providing primitives for heap shaping and control-flow hijack rather than a crash-only fault.\nA:H - Use-after-free in softirq CAN receive callbacks commonly causes kernel oops/panic from dereferencing or writing freed isotp_sock/timer state, even before reliable exploitation."}]}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-08-17T05:40:38.905Z","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux"},"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0b811c4bbe3ec9ad611e90a540fe8b51b3bb8a96"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/43884dc7963beef2328f507f4fe680bdc173eb80"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7bef39ba76eb7307ed22a50329e0f5776dbeda58"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e442b62ba5a7756c17e05a77b32cdd085a2b6138"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/20bab8b88baac140ca3701116e1d486c7f51e311"}],"title":"can: isotp: fix use-after-free race with concurrent NETDEV_UNREGISTER","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}}},"cveMetadata":{"assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","assignerShortName":"Linux","cveId":"CVE-2026-72125","datePublished":"2026-08-15T05:53:02.905Z","dateReserved":"2026-08-09T03:40:39.907Z","dateUpdated":"2026-08-17T05:40:38.905Z","state":"PUBLISHED"},"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2"},"nvd":{"publishedDate":"2026-08-15 06:21:29","lastModifiedDate":"2026-08-17 06:18:12","problem_types":[],"metrics":{"cvssMetricV31":[{"source":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","type":"Secondary","cvssData":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.8,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","attackVector":"LOCAL","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"HIGH","integrityImpact":"HIGH","availabilityImpact":"HIGH"},"exploitabilityScore":1.8,"impactScore":5.9}]},"configurations":[]},"legacy_mitre":{"record":{"CveYear":"2026","CveId":"72125","Ordinal":"1","Title":"can: isotp: fix use-after-free race with concurrent NETDEV_UNREG","CVE":"CVE-2026-72125","Year":"2026"},"notes":[{"CveYear":"2026","CveId":"72125","Ordinal":"1","NoteData":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncan: isotp: fix use-after-free race with concurrent NETDEV_UNREGISTER\n\nisotp_release() looked up the bound network device via dev_get_by_index()\nusing the stored ifindex. During device unregistration the device is\nunlisted from the ifindex hash before the NETDEV_UNREGISTER notifier\nchain runs, so a concurrent isotp_release() could find no device, skip\ncan_rx_unregister() entirely, and still proceed to free the socket.\nSince isotp_release() had already removed itself from the isotp\nnotifier list at that point, isotp_notify() would never get a chance to\nclean up either, leaving a stale CAN filter that keeps pointing at the\nfreed socket.\n\nFix this the same way raw.c already does: hold a tracked reference to\nthe bound net_device in the socket (so->dev/so->dev_tracker) from\nbind() onward instead of re-resolving it from the ifindex, and\nserialize bind()/release() with rtnl_lock() so that so->dev is always\nconsistent with what the NETDEV_UNREGISTER notifier sees. so->dev\nstays valid regardless of ifindex-hash unlisting, and is only ever\ncleared by whichever of isotp_release()/isotp_notify() gets there\nfirst, so the filter is always removed exactly once.\n\nisotp_bind() now rejects a (re)bind with -EAGAIN while so->[tx|rx].state\nisn't ISOTP_IDLE yet, so a timer left running by a prior\nNETDEV_UNREGISTER can't act on a newly bound so->ifindex. Both checks\nshare the same lock_sock() section, so there is no window in which a\nconcurrent isotp_notify() clearing so->bound could be missed.","Type":"Description","Title":"can: isotp: fix use-after-free race with concurrent NETDEV_UNREG"}]}}}