{"api_version":"1","generated_at":"2026-08-22T10:11:22+00:00","cve":"CVE-2026-72416","urls":{"html":"https://cve.report/CVE-2026-72416","api":"https://cve.report/api/cve/CVE-2026-72416.json","docs":"https://cve.report/api","cve_org":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72416","nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72416"},"summary":{"title":"netfilter: nft_compat: ebtables emulation must reject non-bridge targets","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nft_compat: ebtables emulation must reject non-bridge targets\n\nxtables targets return netfilter verdicts: NF_ACCEPT, NF_DROP, and so\non.  ebtables targets return incompatible verdicts: EBT_ACCEPT,\nEBT_DROP, ...   We cannot allow fallback to NFPROTO_UNSPEC.\n\nebtables doesn't permit this since\n11ff7288beb2 (\"netfilter: ebtables: reject non-bridge targets\")\nbut that commit missed the nft_compat layer.","state":"PUBLISHED","assigner":"Linux","published_at":"2026-08-15 06:22:15","updated_at":"2026-08-17 06:19:08"},"problem_types":[],"metrics":[{"version":"3.1","source":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","type":"Secondary","score":"7.3","severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H","data":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.3,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","attackVector":"LOCAL","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"LOW","integrityImpact":"HIGH","availabilityImpact":"HIGH"}},{"version":"3.1","source":"CNA","type":"DECLARED","score":"7.3","severity":"HIGH","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H","data":{"baseScore":7.3,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"}}],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b3f7a84540a0d014ec42343ff5909657c1bd1994","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b3f7a84540a0d014ec42343ff5909657c1bd1994","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c129b0185e707dce405968e21afccd5728b2ce63","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c129b0185e707dce405968e21afccd5728b2ce63","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9dbba7e694ec045f21ede2f892fb42b81b4e1692","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9dbba7e694ec045f21ede2f892fb42b81b4e1692","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/efc17b9240d821c424bc5191a5c6e9384a06293e","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/efc17b9240d821c424bc5191a5c6e9384a06293e","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/33e1875d6b5b552a2e5652b40074c604199354ee","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/33e1875d6b5b552a2e5652b40074c604199354ee","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-72416","name":"CVE Program record","refsource":"CVE.ORG","tags":["canonical"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72416","name":"NVD vulnerability detail","refsource":"NVD","tags":["canonical","analysis"]}],"affected":[{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 0ca743a5599199152a31a7146b83213c786c2eb2 efc17b9240d821c424bc5191a5c6e9384a06293e git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 0ca743a5599199152a31a7146b83213c786c2eb2 b3f7a84540a0d014ec42343ff5909657c1bd1994 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 0ca743a5599199152a31a7146b83213c786c2eb2 33e1875d6b5b552a2e5652b40074c604199354ee git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 0ca743a5599199152a31a7146b83213c786c2eb2 c129b0185e707dce405968e21afccd5728b2ce63 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 0ca743a5599199152a31a7146b83213c786c2eb2 9dbba7e694ec045f21ede2f892fb42b81b4e1692 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 3.13","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 3.13 semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 6.6.145 6.6.* semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 6.12.97 6.12.* semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 6.18.40 6.18.* semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 7.1.5 7.1.* semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 7.2 * original_commit_for_fix","platforms":[]}],"timeline":[],"solutions":[],"workarounds":[],"exploits":[],"credits":[],"nvd_cpes":[],"vendor_comments":[],"enrichments":{"kev":null,"epss":{"cve_year":"2026","cve_id":"72416","cve":"CVE-2026-72416","epss":"0.001730000","percentile":"0.070300000","score_date":"2026-08-17","updated_at":"2026-08-18 00:11:47"},"legacy_qids":[]},"source_records":{"cve_program":{"containers":{"cna":{"affected":[{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","product":"Linux","programFiles":["net/netfilter/nft_compat.c"],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","vendor":"Linux","versions":[{"lessThan":"efc17b9240d821c424bc5191a5c6e9384a06293e","status":"affected","version":"0ca743a5599199152a31a7146b83213c786c2eb2","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"b3f7a84540a0d014ec42343ff5909657c1bd1994","status":"affected","version":"0ca743a5599199152a31a7146b83213c786c2eb2","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"33e1875d6b5b552a2e5652b40074c604199354ee","status":"affected","version":"0ca743a5599199152a31a7146b83213c786c2eb2","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"c129b0185e707dce405968e21afccd5728b2ce63","status":"affected","version":"0ca743a5599199152a31a7146b83213c786c2eb2","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"9dbba7e694ec045f21ede2f892fb42b81b4e1692","status":"affected","version":"0ca743a5599199152a31a7146b83213c786c2eb2","versionType":"git"}]},{"defaultStatus":"affected","product":"Linux","programFiles":["net/netfilter/nft_compat.c"],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","vendor":"Linux","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"3.13"},{"lessThan":"3.13","status":"unaffected","version":"0","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.6.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.6.145","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.12.97","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.18.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.18.40","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"7.1.*","status":"unaffected","version":"7.1.5","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","version":"7.2","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"cpeMatch":[{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.6.145","versionStartIncluding":"3.13","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.97","versionStartIncluding":"3.13","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.18.40","versionStartIncluding":"3.13","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"7.1.5","versionStartIncluding":"3.13","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"7.2","versionStartIncluding":"3.13","vulnerable":true}],"negate":false,"operator":"OR"}]}],"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nft_compat: ebtables emulation must reject non-bridge targets\n\nxtables targets return netfilter verdicts: NF_ACCEPT, NF_DROP, and so\non.  ebtables targets return incompatible verdicts: EBT_ACCEPT,\nEBT_DROP, ...   We cannot allow fallback to NFPROTO_UNSPEC.\n\nebtables doesn't permit this since\n11ff7288beb2 (\"netfilter: ebtables: reject non-bridge targets\")\nbut that commit missed the nft_compat layer."}],"metrics":[{"cvssV3_1":{"baseScore":7.3,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"scenarios":[{"lang":"en","value":"AV:L - The bug is reached by installing a bridge-family nft_compat rule through NETLINK_NETFILTER (nftables netlink), which is a local syscall path; packet evaluation on bridge hooks can be driven by traffic, but creating the vulnerable rule state requires local netfilter administration.\nAC:L - Exploitation is deterministic once CAP_NET_ADMIN is held in the target network namespace: xt_request_find_target() falls back to NFPROTO_UNSPEC targets, nft_target_eval_bridge() misinterprets xtables verdicts, and sending matching bridge traffic reliably triggers the faulty evaluation (e.g. NULL ct in nf_nat_setup_info()).\nPR:L - All nfnetlink entry points are gated by netlink_net_capable(..., CAP_NET_ADMIN), which checks the socket network namespace user namespace; unprivileged local users routinely obtain this capability via user+network namespaces (unshare -Urn), matching the reporters' nft_compat reproduction model.\nUI:N - No victim interaction is required beyond the attacker obtaining namespace-local CAP_NET_ADMIN and installing the malicious bridge nft_compat rule; subsequent packet delivery to the bridge hook is automatic once the rule is committed.\nS:U - Impact is confined to the host kernel and its network filtering state; this is not a VM escape, hypervisor boundary crossing, or IOMMU/DMA sandbox bypass, but standard in-kernel netfilter misbehavior within the same security authority.\nC:L - The primary primitive is verdict-namespace type confusion between xtables (NF_*) and ebtables (EBT_*) return conventions; while no arbitrary read is demonstrated, a triggered kernel oops from NULL ct dereference in nf_nat_setup_info() can expose kernel pointers in crash logs accessible to the local attacker.\nI:H - Incompatible verdict translation lets xtables targets run under ebtables semantics: XT_CONTINUE (0xFFFFFFFF/-1) is mapped to EBT_ACCEPT/NF_ACCEPT instead of continuing rule evaluation, and mis-instantiated targets such as SNAT/DNAT can alter connection-tracking/NAT state before faulting, constituting type-confusion integrity impact.\nA:H - Installing an IP-family UNSPEC target (e.g. SNAT/DNAT rev 1/2) in a bridge nft_compat chain and passing traffic causes nf_nat_setup_info() to dereference a NULL nf_conn from nf_ct_get(), producing a kernel oops/panic; repeated bridge traffic can retrigger the crash for sustained denial of service."}]}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-08-17T05:43:56.159Z","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux"},"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/efc17b9240d821c424bc5191a5c6e9384a06293e"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b3f7a84540a0d014ec42343ff5909657c1bd1994"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/33e1875d6b5b552a2e5652b40074c604199354ee"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c129b0185e707dce405968e21afccd5728b2ce63"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9dbba7e694ec045f21ede2f892fb42b81b4e1692"}],"title":"netfilter: nft_compat: ebtables emulation must reject non-bridge targets","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}}},"cveMetadata":{"assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","assignerShortName":"Linux","cveId":"CVE-2026-72416","datePublished":"2026-08-15T05:56:36.886Z","dateReserved":"2026-08-09T03:40:39.927Z","dateUpdated":"2026-08-17T05:43:56.159Z","state":"PUBLISHED"},"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2"},"nvd":{"publishedDate":"2026-08-15 06:22:15","lastModifiedDate":"2026-08-17 06:19:08","problem_types":[],"metrics":{"cvssMetricV31":[{"source":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","type":"Secondary","cvssData":{"version":"3.1","vectorString":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H","baseScore":7.3,"baseSeverity":"HIGH","attackVector":"LOCAL","attackComplexity":"LOW","privilegesRequired":"LOW","userInteraction":"NONE","scope":"UNCHANGED","confidentialityImpact":"LOW","integrityImpact":"HIGH","availabilityImpact":"HIGH"},"exploitabilityScore":1.8,"impactScore":5.5}]},"configurations":[]},"legacy_mitre":{"record":{"CveYear":"2026","CveId":"72416","Ordinal":"1","Title":"netfilter: nft_compat: ebtables emulation must reject non-bridge","CVE":"CVE-2026-72416","Year":"2026"},"notes":[{"CveYear":"2026","CveId":"72416","Ordinal":"1","NoteData":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nft_compat: ebtables emulation must reject non-bridge targets\n\nxtables targets return netfilter verdicts: NF_ACCEPT, NF_DROP, and so\non.  ebtables targets return incompatible verdicts: EBT_ACCEPT,\nEBT_DROP, ...   We cannot allow fallback to NFPROTO_UNSPEC.\n\nebtables doesn't permit this since\n11ff7288beb2 (\"netfilter: ebtables: reject non-bridge targets\")\nbut that commit missed the nft_compat layer.","Type":"Description","Title":"netfilter: nft_compat: ebtables emulation must reject non-bridge"}]}}}