{"api_version":"1","generated_at":"2026-09-25T19:26:39+00:00","cve":"CVE-2026-97533","urls":{"html":"https://cve.report/CVE-2026-97533","api":"https://cve.report/api/cve/CVE-2026-97533.json","docs":"https://cve.report/api","cve_org":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-97533","nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-97533"},"summary":{"title":"x86/mm/pat: Acquire init_mm read lock on attribute changes to avoid UAF","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nx86/mm/pat: Acquire init_mm read lock on attribute changes to avoid UAF\n\nA previous commit protected against races between ptdump and CPA collapse,\nhowever one still exists between attribute changes and collapse as reported\nby Denis V. Lunev (linked).\n\nWhen an attribute change arises, a lockless page table walker obtains a PTE\nentry, which is later written to via set_pte_atomic():\n\n  ...\n  -> change_page_attr_set_clr()\n  -> __change_page_attr_set_clr()\n  -> __change_page_attr()\n\t-> _lookup_address_cpa()\n\t-> lookup_address_in_pgd_attr()\n\t-> [ lockless page table walker ]\n  -> set_pte_atomic()\n\nThere is nothing preventing a concurrent CPA collapse which can free the\nPTE that was retrieved here, resulting in a use-after-free.\n\nWith the mmap write lock taken on init_mm over CPA collapse, resolve this\nrace by acquiring an mmap read lock on init_mm over\n__change_page_attr_set_clr().\n\nThis locks across the whole operation over which the walk and the PTE\nentry write occurs, solving the race.\n\nIt is safe to do this here, as no spinlocks are held upon entry to\n__change_page_attr_set_clr().\n\nHowever, the lock must not be held over an allocation, as allocation can\ntrigger reclaim and shrinkers may call into CPA recursively, making\ndeadlocks possible (init_mm -> ... -> fs_reclaim -> init_mm).\n\nA page table is allocated when a huge page needs to be split:\n\n  -> change_page_attr_set_clr()\n  -> __change_page_attr_set_clr()\n  -> __change_page_attr()\n  -> split_large_page()\n  [ pagetable_alloc() ]\n  -> __split_large_page()\n\nAvoid deadlocks by dropping the mmap lock across pagetable_alloc() in\nsplit_large_page() and track whether this is needed by adding a new\n'init_mm_read_locked' flag to struct cpa_data.\n\nThis is safe as __split_large_page() (called with locks re-established)\nrevalidates that the page table entry is the same as it was prior to the\nlocks being dropped and __change_page_attr() repeats the entire page table\nwalk whenever a split occurs, so concurrent split and collapse are\naccounted for.\n\nConcurrent ptdump is also safe as the lock is only dropped over page table\nallocation during which time the page table has not yet been modified.\n\nThe CPA_COLLAPSE flag is only set by set_memory_rox(), which exclusively\noperates upon vmalloc ranges, and on x86 only within the module mapping\nspace.\n\nThis is important, because some callers directly invoke\n__change_page_attr_set_clr(), bypassing this lock. However, none of these\noperate within the module mapping space.\n\n  * cpa_process_alias() - a recursive helper called by\n    __change_page_attr_set_clr().\n  * __set_memory_enc_pgtable() - operates on the direct mapping and (via\n    __vmbus_establish_gpadl()) the vmalloc mapping space.\n  * __set_pages_[n]p() - called by set_direct_map_[invalid, default,\n    valid]_noflush(), __kernel_map_pages() - operates on the direct map.\n  * kernel_[un]map_pages_in_pgd() - operates on EFI ranges.\n\nThis work is based upon Denis V. Lunev's excellent analysis of the bug\nwith gratitude.\n\n[ dhansen: move to imperative voice in changelog ]","state":"PUBLISHED","assigner":"Linux","published_at":"2026-09-25 11:17:03","updated_at":"2026-09-25 11:17:03"},"problem_types":[],"metrics":[],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e21a9ea81426a85fdb0cdcfcc99d5d9c16b402ab","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e21a9ea81426a85fdb0cdcfcc99d5d9c16b402ab","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cc73b2043d106b467accd38e9b1fc09e0607c056","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cc73b2043d106b467accd38e9b1fc09e0607c056","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d5d8b8662e6e5a565b47a0388640e88402f23274","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d5d8b8662e6e5a565b47a0388640e88402f23274","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-97533","name":"CVE Program record","refsource":"CVE.ORG","tags":["canonical"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-97533","name":"NVD vulnerability detail","refsource":"NVD","tags":["canonical","analysis"]}],"affected":[{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 41d88484c71cd4f659348da41b7b5b3dbd3be1f6 e21a9ea81426a85fdb0cdcfcc99d5d9c16b402ab git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 41d88484c71cd4f659348da41b7b5b3dbd3be1f6 cc73b2043d106b467accd38e9b1fc09e0607c056 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 41d88484c71cd4f659348da41b7b5b3dbd3be1f6 d5d8b8662e6e5a565b47a0388640e88402f23274 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 6.15","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 6.15 semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 6.18.53 6.18.* semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 7.2.7 7.2.* semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 7.3-rc4 * original_commit_for_fix","platforms":[]}],"timeline":[],"solutions":[],"workarounds":[],"exploits":[],"credits":[],"nvd_cpes":[],"vendor_comments":[],"enrichments":{"kev":null,"epss":null,"legacy_qids":[]},"source_records":{"cve_program":{"containers":{"cna":{"affected":[{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","product":"Linux","programFiles":["arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c"],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","vendor":"Linux","versions":[{"lessThan":"e21a9ea81426a85fdb0cdcfcc99d5d9c16b402ab","status":"affected","version":"41d88484c71cd4f659348da41b7b5b3dbd3be1f6","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"cc73b2043d106b467accd38e9b1fc09e0607c056","status":"affected","version":"41d88484c71cd4f659348da41b7b5b3dbd3be1f6","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"d5d8b8662e6e5a565b47a0388640e88402f23274","status":"affected","version":"41d88484c71cd4f659348da41b7b5b3dbd3be1f6","versionType":"git"}]},{"defaultStatus":"affected","product":"Linux","programFiles":["arch/x86/mm/pat/set_memory.c"],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","vendor":"Linux","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"6.15"},{"lessThan":"6.15","status":"unaffected","version":"0","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.18.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.18.53","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"7.2.*","status":"unaffected","version":"7.2.7","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","version":"7.3-rc4","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"cpeMatch":[{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.18.53","versionStartIncluding":"6.15","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"7.2.7","versionStartIncluding":"6.15","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"7.3-rc4","versionStartIncluding":"6.15","vulnerable":true}],"negate":false,"operator":"OR"}]}],"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nx86/mm/pat: Acquire init_mm read lock on attribute changes to avoid UAF\n\nA previous commit protected against races between ptdump and CPA collapse,\nhowever one still exists between attribute changes and collapse as reported\nby Denis V. Lunev (linked).\n\nWhen an attribute change arises, a lockless page table walker obtains a PTE\nentry, which is later written to via set_pte_atomic():\n\n  ...\n  -> change_page_attr_set_clr()\n  -> __change_page_attr_set_clr()\n  -> __change_page_attr()\n\t-> _lookup_address_cpa()\n\t-> lookup_address_in_pgd_attr()\n\t-> [ lockless page table walker ]\n  -> set_pte_atomic()\n\nThere is nothing preventing a concurrent CPA collapse which can free the\nPTE that was retrieved here, resulting in a use-after-free.\n\nWith the mmap write lock taken on init_mm over CPA collapse, resolve this\nrace by acquiring an mmap read lock on init_mm over\n__change_page_attr_set_clr().\n\nThis locks across the whole operation over which the walk and the PTE\nentry write occurs, solving the race.\n\nIt is safe to do this here, as no spinlocks are held upon entry to\n__change_page_attr_set_clr().\n\nHowever, the lock must not be held over an allocation, as allocation can\ntrigger reclaim and shrinkers may call into CPA recursively, making\ndeadlocks possible (init_mm -> ... -> fs_reclaim -> init_mm).\n\nA page table is allocated when a huge page needs to be split:\n\n  -> change_page_attr_set_clr()\n  -> __change_page_attr_set_clr()\n  -> __change_page_attr()\n  -> split_large_page()\n  [ pagetable_alloc() ]\n  -> __split_large_page()\n\nAvoid deadlocks by dropping the mmap lock across pagetable_alloc() in\nsplit_large_page() and track whether this is needed by adding a new\n'init_mm_read_locked' flag to struct cpa_data.\n\nThis is safe as __split_large_page() (called with locks re-established)\nrevalidates that the page table entry is the same as it was prior to the\nlocks being dropped and __change_page_attr() repeats the entire page table\nwalk whenever a split occurs, so concurrent split and collapse are\naccounted for.\n\nConcurrent ptdump is also safe as the lock is only dropped over page table\nallocation during which time the page table has not yet been modified.\n\nThe CPA_COLLAPSE flag is only set by set_memory_rox(), which exclusively\noperates upon vmalloc ranges, and on x86 only within the module mapping\nspace.\n\nThis is important, because some callers directly invoke\n__change_page_attr_set_clr(), bypassing this lock. However, none of these\noperate within the module mapping space.\n\n  * cpa_process_alias() - a recursive helper called by\n    __change_page_attr_set_clr().\n  * __set_memory_enc_pgtable() - operates on the direct mapping and (via\n    __vmbus_establish_gpadl()) the vmalloc mapping space.\n  * __set_pages_[n]p() - called by set_direct_map_[invalid, default,\n    valid]_noflush(), __kernel_map_pages() - operates on the direct map.\n  * kernel_[un]map_pages_in_pgd() - operates on EFI ranges.\n\nThis work is based upon Denis V. Lunev's excellent analysis of the bug\nwith gratitude.\n\n[ dhansen: move to imperative voice in changelog ]"}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-09-25T10:21:33.188Z","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux"},"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e21a9ea81426a85fdb0cdcfcc99d5d9c16b402ab"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cc73b2043d106b467accd38e9b1fc09e0607c056"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d5d8b8662e6e5a565b47a0388640e88402f23274"}],"title":"x86/mm/pat: Acquire init_mm read lock on attribute changes to avoid UAF","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}}},"cveMetadata":{"assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","assignerShortName":"Linux","cveId":"CVE-2026-97533","datePublished":"2026-09-25T10:21:33.188Z","dateReserved":"2026-09-24T16:01:01.153Z","dateUpdated":"2026-09-25T10:21:33.188Z","state":"PUBLISHED"},"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2"},"nvd":{"publishedDate":"2026-09-25 11:17:03","lastModifiedDate":"2026-09-25 11:17:03","problem_types":[],"metrics":[],"configurations":[]},"legacy_mitre":{"record":{"CveYear":"2026","CveId":"97533","Ordinal":"1","Title":"x86/mm/pat: Acquire init_mm read lock on attribute changes to av","CVE":"CVE-2026-97533","Year":"2026"},"notes":[{"CveYear":"2026","CveId":"97533","Ordinal":"1","NoteData":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nx86/mm/pat: Acquire init_mm read lock on attribute changes to avoid UAF\n\nA previous commit protected against races between ptdump and CPA collapse,\nhowever one still exists between attribute changes and collapse as reported\nby Denis V. Lunev (linked).\n\nWhen an attribute change arises, a lockless page table walker obtains a PTE\nentry, which is later written to via set_pte_atomic():\n\n  ...\n  -> change_page_attr_set_clr()\n  -> __change_page_attr_set_clr()\n  -> __change_page_attr()\n\t-> _lookup_address_cpa()\n\t-> lookup_address_in_pgd_attr()\n\t-> [ lockless page table walker ]\n  -> set_pte_atomic()\n\nThere is nothing preventing a concurrent CPA collapse which can free the\nPTE that was retrieved here, resulting in a use-after-free.\n\nWith the mmap write lock taken on init_mm over CPA collapse, resolve this\nrace by acquiring an mmap read lock on init_mm over\n__change_page_attr_set_clr().\n\nThis locks across the whole operation over which the walk and the PTE\nentry write occurs, solving the race.\n\nIt is safe to do this here, as no spinlocks are held upon entry to\n__change_page_attr_set_clr().\n\nHowever, the lock must not be held over an allocation, as allocation can\ntrigger reclaim and shrinkers may call into CPA recursively, making\ndeadlocks possible (init_mm -> ... -> fs_reclaim -> init_mm).\n\nA page table is allocated when a huge page needs to be split:\n\n  -> change_page_attr_set_clr()\n  -> __change_page_attr_set_clr()\n  -> __change_page_attr()\n  -> split_large_page()\n  [ pagetable_alloc() ]\n  -> __split_large_page()\n\nAvoid deadlocks by dropping the mmap lock across pagetable_alloc() in\nsplit_large_page() and track whether this is needed by adding a new\n'init_mm_read_locked' flag to struct cpa_data.\n\nThis is safe as __split_large_page() (called with locks re-established)\nrevalidates that the page table entry is the same as it was prior to the\nlocks being dropped and __change_page_attr() repeats the entire page table\nwalk whenever a split occurs, so concurrent split and collapse are\naccounted for.\n\nConcurrent ptdump is also safe as the lock is only dropped over page table\nallocation during which time the page table has not yet been modified.\n\nThe CPA_COLLAPSE flag is only set by set_memory_rox(), which exclusively\noperates upon vmalloc ranges, and on x86 only within the module mapping\nspace.\n\nThis is important, because some callers directly invoke\n__change_page_attr_set_clr(), bypassing this lock. However, none of these\noperate within the module mapping space.\n\n  * cpa_process_alias() - a recursive helper called by\n    __change_page_attr_set_clr().\n  * __set_memory_enc_pgtable() - operates on the direct mapping and (via\n    __vmbus_establish_gpadl()) the vmalloc mapping space.\n  * __set_pages_[n]p() - called by set_direct_map_[invalid, default,\n    valid]_noflush(), __kernel_map_pages() - operates on the direct map.\n  * kernel_[un]map_pages_in_pgd() - operates on EFI ranges.\n\nThis work is based upon Denis V. Lunev's excellent analysis of the bug\nwith gratitude.\n\n[ dhansen: move to imperative voice in changelog ]","Type":"Description","Title":"x86/mm/pat: Acquire init_mm read lock on attribute changes to av"}]}}}