{"api_version":"1","generated_at":"2026-10-08T08:02:31+00:00","cve":"CVE-2026-98037","urls":{"html":"https://cve.report/CVE-2026-98037","api":"https://cve.report/api/cve/CVE-2026-98037.json","docs":"https://cve.report/api","cve_org":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-98037","nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-98037"},"summary":{"title":"bpf: Reject untrusted allocated-object pointers","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Reject untrusted allocated-object pointers\n\nWhen the final RCU read-side critical section ends, a local kptr is demoted\nto PTR_UNTRUSTED but retains MEM_ALLOC. The pointer may be NULL or may refer\nto an object whose lifetime is no longer protected.\n\ntype_is_ptr_alloc_obj() nevertheless recognizes any PTR_TO_BTF_ID with\nMEM_ALLOC as a live allocated object. In particular, a refcount-only local\nkptr never carries NON_OWN_REF, so it still passes the\nbpf_refcount_acquire() argument check after RCU protection ends. The kfunc\ncan then dereference NULL or stale memory.\n\nMake type_is_ptr_alloc_obj() reject PTR_UNTRUSTED pointers. Since\ntype_is_non_owning_ref() is based on the same predicate, graph kfunc\narguments obey the same live-object requirement. Fault-protected reads of\nthe demoted pointer remain valid: writes are already rejected, and read\nfixups use bpf_may_fault_on_deref() rather than this predicate.\n\n[ kkd: Rewrote commit log ]","state":"PUBLISHED","assigner":"Linux","published_at":"2026-09-25 11:17:32","updated_at":"2026-09-25 11:17:32"},"problem_types":[],"metrics":[],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7441ee8276641bddaf1cba7bb75ef9c1458ceb3b","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7441ee8276641bddaf1cba7bb75ef9c1458ceb3b","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/092c2874dc1b2060fa77a465a971acd4fdf87683","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/092c2874dc1b2060fa77a465a971acd4fdf87683","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6b1f786ad85a0b63393b76f5e634deab1a73198c","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6b1f786ad85a0b63393b76f5e634deab1a73198c","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/135d542b97fa93e32c457d49d6e7b33ca7d05bae","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/135d542b97fa93e32c457d49d6e7b33ca7d05bae","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-98037","name":"CVE Program record","refsource":"CVE.ORG","tags":["canonical"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-98037","name":"NVD vulnerability detail","refsource":"NVD","tags":["canonical","analysis"]}],"affected":[{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 1b12171533a9bb23cf6fba7262b479028b65e1e8 092c2874dc1b2060fa77a465a971acd4fdf87683 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 1b12171533a9bb23cf6fba7262b479028b65e1e8 135d542b97fa93e32c457d49d6e7b33ca7d05bae git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 1b12171533a9bb23cf6fba7262b479028b65e1e8 6b1f786ad85a0b63393b76f5e634deab1a73198c git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 1b12171533a9bb23cf6fba7262b479028b65e1e8 7441ee8276641bddaf1cba7bb75ef9c1458ceb3b git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 6.8","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 6.8 semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 6.12.111 6.12.* semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 6.18.53 6.18.* semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 7.2.7 7.2.* semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 7.3-rc2 * original_commit_for_fix","platforms":[]}],"timeline":[],"solutions":[],"workarounds":[],"exploits":[],"credits":[],"nvd_cpes":[],"vendor_comments":[],"enrichments":{"kev":null,"epss":{"cve_year":"2026","cve_id":"98037","cve":"CVE-2026-98037","epss":"0.001680000","percentile":"0.054060000","score_date":"2026-09-27","updated_at":"2026-09-28 00:02:24"},"legacy_qids":[]},"source_records":{"cve_program":{"containers":{"cna":{"affected":[{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","product":"Linux","programFiles":["include/linux/bpf_verifier.h"],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","vendor":"Linux","versions":[{"lessThan":"092c2874dc1b2060fa77a465a971acd4fdf87683","status":"affected","version":"1b12171533a9bb23cf6fba7262b479028b65e1e8","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"135d542b97fa93e32c457d49d6e7b33ca7d05bae","status":"affected","version":"1b12171533a9bb23cf6fba7262b479028b65e1e8","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"6b1f786ad85a0b63393b76f5e634deab1a73198c","status":"affected","version":"1b12171533a9bb23cf6fba7262b479028b65e1e8","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"7441ee8276641bddaf1cba7bb75ef9c1458ceb3b","status":"affected","version":"1b12171533a9bb23cf6fba7262b479028b65e1e8","versionType":"git"}]},{"defaultStatus":"affected","product":"Linux","programFiles":["include/linux/bpf_verifier.h"],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","vendor":"Linux","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"6.8"},{"lessThan":"6.8","status":"unaffected","version":"0","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.12.111","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.18.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.18.53","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"7.2.*","status":"unaffected","version":"7.2.7","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","version":"7.3-rc2","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"cpeMatch":[{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.111","versionStartIncluding":"6.8","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.18.53","versionStartIncluding":"6.8","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"7.2.7","versionStartIncluding":"6.8","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"7.3-rc2","versionStartIncluding":"6.8","vulnerable":true}],"negate":false,"operator":"OR"}]}],"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Reject untrusted allocated-object pointers\n\nWhen the final RCU read-side critical section ends, a local kptr is demoted\nto PTR_UNTRUSTED but retains MEM_ALLOC. The pointer may be NULL or may refer\nto an object whose lifetime is no longer protected.\n\ntype_is_ptr_alloc_obj() nevertheless recognizes any PTR_TO_BTF_ID with\nMEM_ALLOC as a live allocated object. In particular, a refcount-only local\nkptr never carries NON_OWN_REF, so it still passes the\nbpf_refcount_acquire() argument check after RCU protection ends. The kfunc\ncan then dereference NULL or stale memory.\n\nMake type_is_ptr_alloc_obj() reject PTR_UNTRUSTED pointers. Since\ntype_is_non_owning_ref() is based on the same predicate, graph kfunc\narguments obey the same live-object requirement. Fault-protected reads of\nthe demoted pointer remain valid: writes are already rejected, and read\nfixups use bpf_may_fault_on_deref() rather than this predicate.\n\n[ kkd: Rewrote commit log ]"}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-09-25T10:23:51.126Z","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux"},"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/092c2874dc1b2060fa77a465a971acd4fdf87683"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/135d542b97fa93e32c457d49d6e7b33ca7d05bae"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6b1f786ad85a0b63393b76f5e634deab1a73198c"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7441ee8276641bddaf1cba7bb75ef9c1458ceb3b"}],"title":"bpf: Reject untrusted allocated-object pointers","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}}},"cveMetadata":{"assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","assignerShortName":"Linux","cveId":"CVE-2026-98037","datePublished":"2026-09-25T10:23:51.126Z","dateReserved":"2026-09-25T10:19:56.071Z","dateUpdated":"2026-09-25T10:23:51.126Z","state":"PUBLISHED"},"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2"},"nvd":{"publishedDate":"2026-09-25 11:17:32","lastModifiedDate":"2026-09-25 11:17:32","problem_types":[],"metrics":[],"configurations":[]},"legacy_mitre":{"record":{"CveYear":"2026","CveId":"98037","Ordinal":"1","Title":"bpf: Reject untrusted allocated-object pointers","CVE":"CVE-2026-98037","Year":"2026"},"notes":[{"CveYear":"2026","CveId":"98037","Ordinal":"1","NoteData":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Reject untrusted allocated-object pointers\n\nWhen the final RCU read-side critical section ends, a local kptr is demoted\nto PTR_UNTRUSTED but retains MEM_ALLOC. The pointer may be NULL or may refer\nto an object whose lifetime is no longer protected.\n\ntype_is_ptr_alloc_obj() nevertheless recognizes any PTR_TO_BTF_ID with\nMEM_ALLOC as a live allocated object. In particular, a refcount-only local\nkptr never carries NON_OWN_REF, so it still passes the\nbpf_refcount_acquire() argument check after RCU protection ends. The kfunc\ncan then dereference NULL or stale memory.\n\nMake type_is_ptr_alloc_obj() reject PTR_UNTRUSTED pointers. Since\ntype_is_non_owning_ref() is based on the same predicate, graph kfunc\narguments obey the same live-object requirement. Fault-protected reads of\nthe demoted pointer remain valid: writes are already rejected, and read\nfixups use bpf_may_fault_on_deref() rather than this predicate.\n\n[ kkd: Rewrote commit log ]","Type":"Description","Title":"bpf: Reject untrusted allocated-object pointers"}]}}}