{"api_version":"1","generated_at":"2026-10-23T16:40:27+00:00","cve":"CVE-2026-98965","urls":{"html":"https://cve.report/CVE-2026-98965","api":"https://cve.report/api/cve/CVE-2026-98965.json","docs":"https://cve.report/api","cve_org":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-98965","nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-98965"},"summary":{"title":"ice: Restore Ordered MMIO Writes for Tx Doorbells","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nice: Restore Ordered MMIO Writes for Tx Doorbells\n\nThe DQL accounting state which tracks the number of bytes queued for the\nNIC to transmit, namely dql->num_queued, is updated by the ICE driver\nwhen it invokes __netdev_tx_sent_queue(). Subsequently the driver\nupdates the hardware queue tail allowing the NIC to begin processing the\nwork queue. The queue accounting update should be ordered before the NIC\nbegins transmitting descriptors.\n\nThe transmit path currently updates the hardware doorbell using\nwritel_relaxed(), which (on arm64) does not provide the same ordering\nguarantees between writes to normal memory and writes to MMIO registers\nthat writel() does. This introduces a potential race where the NIC\nbegins transmitting descriptors before the dql->num_queued update is\nglobally visible. If the NIC finishes before the update is observed by\ndql_completed(), it detects an invalid state where more bytes have been\ncompleted than have been queued. When this happens the following BUG_ON\nis triggered.\n\n  BUG_ON(count > num_queued - dql->num_completed);\n\nThis has been observed and manifests as the following crash (note that\nthe trace has been trimmed) in an environment with sustained network\nload that uses an Intel Corporation Ethernet Controller E810-XXV for SFP\n(rev 02) on an arm64 machine. Replacing writel_relaxed() with writel()\nin a test kernel eliminated the crash in the user's workload, which\npreviously reproduced the issue reliably.\n\n  kernel BUG at lib/dynamic_queue_limits.c:99\n\nInternal error: Oops - BUG: 00000000f2000800 [#1] SMP\npc : dql_completed+0x268/0x2a0\nlr : ice_clean_tx_irq+0x1d4/0x620 [ice]\nCall trace:\ndql_completed+0x268/0x2a0 (P)\nice_napi_poll+0x94/0x520 [ice]\n__napi_poll+0x48/0x3f0\nnet_rx_action+0x194/0x420\n\nThis restores the behaviour prior to commit ccde82e90946 (\"ice: add E830\nEarliest TxTime First Offload support\"), which changed the notification\nmechanism from writel() to writel_relaxed().","state":"PUBLISHED","assigner":"Linux","published_at":"2026-10-23 13:17:17","updated_at":"2026-10-23 13:17:17"},"problem_types":[],"metrics":[],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7a579dec8423bba7bec96fcfcb2e30838b0858ee","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7a579dec8423bba7bec96fcfcb2e30838b0858ee","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f94ab1fffd009250d72c6dc1662cb84467ac5365","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f94ab1fffd009250d72c6dc1662cb84467ac5365","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b7725acf9c574debb97ae1613569ac9e148438be","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b7725acf9c574debb97ae1613569ac9e148438be","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-98965","name":"CVE Program record","refsource":"CVE.ORG","tags":["canonical"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-98965","name":"NVD vulnerability detail","refsource":"NVD","tags":["canonical","analysis"]}],"affected":[{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected ccde82e909467abdf098a8ee6f63e1ecf9a47ce5 b7725acf9c574debb97ae1613569ac9e148438be git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected ccde82e909467abdf098a8ee6f63e1ecf9a47ce5 f94ab1fffd009250d72c6dc1662cb84467ac5365 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected ccde82e909467abdf098a8ee6f63e1ecf9a47ce5 7a579dec8423bba7bec96fcfcb2e30838b0858ee git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 6.18","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 6.18 semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 6.18.57 6.18.* semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 7.2.11 7.2.* semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 7.3 * original_commit_for_fix","platforms":[]}],"timeline":[],"solutions":[],"workarounds":[],"exploits":[],"credits":[],"nvd_cpes":[],"vendor_comments":[],"enrichments":{"kev":null,"epss":null,"legacy_qids":[]},"source_records":{"cve_program":{"containers":{"cna":{"affected":[{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","product":"Linux","programFiles":["drivers/net/ethernet/intel/ice/ice_txrx.c"],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","vendor":"Linux","versions":[{"lessThan":"b7725acf9c574debb97ae1613569ac9e148438be","status":"affected","version":"ccde82e909467abdf098a8ee6f63e1ecf9a47ce5","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"f94ab1fffd009250d72c6dc1662cb84467ac5365","status":"affected","version":"ccde82e909467abdf098a8ee6f63e1ecf9a47ce5","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"7a579dec8423bba7bec96fcfcb2e30838b0858ee","status":"affected","version":"ccde82e909467abdf098a8ee6f63e1ecf9a47ce5","versionType":"git"}]},{"defaultStatus":"affected","product":"Linux","programFiles":["drivers/net/ethernet/intel/ice/ice_txrx.c"],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","vendor":"Linux","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"6.18"},{"lessThan":"6.18","status":"unaffected","version":"0","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.18.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.18.57","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"7.2.*","status":"unaffected","version":"7.2.11","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","version":"7.3","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"cpeMatch":[{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.18.57","versionStartIncluding":"6.18","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"7.2.11","versionStartIncluding":"6.18","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"7.3","versionStartIncluding":"6.18","vulnerable":true}],"negate":false,"operator":"OR"}]}],"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nice: Restore Ordered MMIO Writes for Tx Doorbells\n\nThe DQL accounting state which tracks the number of bytes queued for the\nNIC to transmit, namely dql->num_queued, is updated by the ICE driver\nwhen it invokes __netdev_tx_sent_queue(). Subsequently the driver\nupdates the hardware queue tail allowing the NIC to begin processing the\nwork queue. The queue accounting update should be ordered before the NIC\nbegins transmitting descriptors.\n\nThe transmit path currently updates the hardware doorbell using\nwritel_relaxed(), which (on arm64) does not provide the same ordering\nguarantees between writes to normal memory and writes to MMIO registers\nthat writel() does. This introduces a potential race where the NIC\nbegins transmitting descriptors before the dql->num_queued update is\nglobally visible. If the NIC finishes before the update is observed by\ndql_completed(), it detects an invalid state where more bytes have been\ncompleted than have been queued. When this happens the following BUG_ON\nis triggered.\n\n  BUG_ON(count > num_queued - dql->num_completed);\n\nThis has been observed and manifests as the following crash (note that\nthe trace has been trimmed) in an environment with sustained network\nload that uses an Intel Corporation Ethernet Controller E810-XXV for SFP\n(rev 02) on an arm64 machine. Replacing writel_relaxed() with writel()\nin a test kernel eliminated the crash in the user's workload, which\npreviously reproduced the issue reliably.\n\n  kernel BUG at lib/dynamic_queue_limits.c:99\n\nInternal error: Oops - BUG: 00000000f2000800 [#1] SMP\npc : dql_completed+0x268/0x2a0\nlr : ice_clean_tx_irq+0x1d4/0x620 [ice]\nCall trace:\ndql_completed+0x268/0x2a0 (P)\nice_napi_poll+0x94/0x520 [ice]\n__napi_poll+0x48/0x3f0\nnet_rx_action+0x194/0x420\n\nThis restores the behaviour prior to commit ccde82e90946 (\"ice: add E830\nEarliest TxTime First Offload support\"), which changed the notification\nmechanism from writel() to writel_relaxed()."}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-10-23T12:19:34.754Z","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux"},"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b7725acf9c574debb97ae1613569ac9e148438be"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f94ab1fffd009250d72c6dc1662cb84467ac5365"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7a579dec8423bba7bec96fcfcb2e30838b0858ee"}],"title":"ice: Restore Ordered MMIO Writes for Tx Doorbells","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}}},"cveMetadata":{"assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","assignerShortName":"Linux","cveId":"CVE-2026-98965","datePublished":"2026-10-23T12:19:34.754Z","dateReserved":"2026-09-25T10:25:14.383Z","dateUpdated":"2026-10-23T12:19:34.754Z","state":"PUBLISHED"},"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2"},"nvd":{"publishedDate":"2026-10-23 13:17:17","lastModifiedDate":"2026-10-23 13:17:17","problem_types":[],"metrics":[],"configurations":[]},"legacy_mitre":{"record":{"CveYear":"2026","CveId":"98965","Ordinal":"1","Title":"ice: Restore Ordered MMIO Writes for Tx Doorbells","CVE":"CVE-2026-98965","Year":"2026"},"notes":[{"CveYear":"2026","CveId":"98965","Ordinal":"1","NoteData":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nice: Restore Ordered MMIO Writes for Tx Doorbells\n\nThe DQL accounting state which tracks the number of bytes queued for the\nNIC to transmit, namely dql->num_queued, is updated by the ICE driver\nwhen it invokes __netdev_tx_sent_queue(). Subsequently the driver\nupdates the hardware queue tail allowing the NIC to begin processing the\nwork queue. The queue accounting update should be ordered before the NIC\nbegins transmitting descriptors.\n\nThe transmit path currently updates the hardware doorbell using\nwritel_relaxed(), which (on arm64) does not provide the same ordering\nguarantees between writes to normal memory and writes to MMIO registers\nthat writel() does. This introduces a potential race where the NIC\nbegins transmitting descriptors before the dql->num_queued update is\nglobally visible. If the NIC finishes before the update is observed by\ndql_completed(), it detects an invalid state where more bytes have been\ncompleted than have been queued. When this happens the following BUG_ON\nis triggered.\n\n  BUG_ON(count > num_queued - dql->num_completed);\n\nThis has been observed and manifests as the following crash (note that\nthe trace has been trimmed) in an environment with sustained network\nload that uses an Intel Corporation Ethernet Controller E810-XXV for SFP\n(rev 02) on an arm64 machine. Replacing writel_relaxed() with writel()\nin a test kernel eliminated the crash in the user's workload, which\npreviously reproduced the issue reliably.\n\n  kernel BUG at lib/dynamic_queue_limits.c:99\n\nInternal error: Oops - BUG: 00000000f2000800 [#1] SMP\npc : dql_completed+0x268/0x2a0\nlr : ice_clean_tx_irq+0x1d4/0x620 [ice]\nCall trace:\ndql_completed+0x268/0x2a0 (P)\nice_napi_poll+0x94/0x520 [ice]\n__napi_poll+0x48/0x3f0\nnet_rx_action+0x194/0x420\n\nThis restores the behaviour prior to commit ccde82e90946 (\"ice: add E830\nEarliest TxTime First Offload support\"), which changed the notification\nmechanism from writel() to writel_relaxed().","Type":"Description","Title":"ice: Restore Ordered MMIO Writes for Tx Doorbells"}]}}}