{"api_version":"1","generated_at":"2026-10-23T15:54:57+00:00","cve":"CVE-2026-98980","urls":{"html":"https://cve.report/CVE-2026-98980","api":"https://cve.report/api/cve/CVE-2026-98980.json","docs":"https://cve.report/api","cve_org":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-98980","nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-98980"},"summary":{"title":"namei: don't reveal overmounted entries in refwalk","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnamei: don't reveal overmounted entries in refwalk\n\nIn rcuwalk the dentry is validated before it is accepted. step_into()\nstep_into() rechecks d_seq and __follow_mount_rcu() rechecks mount_lock.\nAn entry that gets unlinked in between causes the lookup to retry and\nmiss.\n\nA refwalk doesn't do this. lookup_fast() takes a reference on the hashed\ndentry and simply accepts it. So an unlink that happens after the\nreference was taken isn't seen by refwalk. That's fine for a simple\nfile. We just happened to open it before it was unlinked, no problem.\n\nFor a mountpoint and specifically a locked mountpoint it very much\nisn't. The unlink detaches all mounts and then removes the name. Any\nrefwalk that hasn't traversed the mounts yet simply reveals the\nunderlying entry. It's a very narrow window but it can be hit:\n\n  reads of a covered file in 60 s, 3 walkers, ~15000 unlinks\n    no widening            27\n    that step + 200 us   3741\n\nSee the appended patch for a more reliable reproducer.\n\nSo check the entry after step_into(). unlink(), rmdir() and rename()\nmark the dentry with dont_mount() before they detach the mounts and\nremove the dentry.\n\nSo a dentry that is marked with DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT and is unhashed by the\ntime its mounts were looked at is a name that was unlinked under the\nrefwalk. DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT is read after the mounts were looked up and\nit is set before they are detached by detach_mounts(). A refwalk that\nmissed the mounts will see DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT.\n\nPlain d_unlinked() is fine. A rename takes the dentry off its hash chain\nbut ___d_drop() leaves d_hash.pprev set. So only __d_drop() and a rename\nover the dentry unhash it. The only move that flips IS_ROOT splices in a\ndisconnected alias. That doesn't have DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT set.\n\nAdd the to step_into_slowpath(). \"..\" and LOOKUP_DOWN may legitimately\nland on an unhashed directory. A refwalk that crossed onto a mount has\npath.mnt different from nd->path.mnt. A dentry that a filesystem dropped\non its own (d_invalidate(), d_drop()) doesn't have the flag set and is\ntreated as before.\n\n  // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0\n  /*\n   * unlink_covered: unlink a file that is a mountpoint in a detached copy of\n   * its mount, against walkers that open it through that copy.\n   *\n   * A is a tmpfs with the file f1 (content SECRET_F) and the plain file\n   * MARK_A. A' is an open_tree(OPEN_TREE_CLONE) copy of A with MARK_A bound\n   * on A'/f1, held through an O_PATH fd on its root once the tree fd is\n   * closed. Walkers open f1 through that fd while the driver unlinks A/f1,\n   * where nothing is mounted on it. A walker may read MARK_A or get ENOENT.\n   * A read of SECRET_F is a hit: the name was found after its mount was\n   * gone. The lockless walks use openat2(RESOLVE_CACHED).\n   *\n   * usage: unlink_covered [-t seconds] [-w walkers]\n   */\n  #ifndef _GNU_SOURCE\n  #define _GNU_SOURCE\n  #endif\n  #include <errno.h>\n  #include <fcntl.h>\n  #include <pthread.h>\n  #include <stdatomic.h>\n  #include <stdio.h>\n  #include <stdlib.h>\n  #include <string.h>\n  #include <unistd.h>\n  #include <sys/mount.h>\n  #include <sys/stat.h>\n  #include <sys/syscall.h>\n  #include <linux/openat2.h>\n\n  #ifndef __NR_open_tree\n  #define __NR_open_tree 428\n  #endif\n  #ifndef __NR_move_mount\n  #define __NR_move_mount 429\n  #endif\n  #ifndef __NR_openat2\n  #define __NR_openat2 437\n  #endif\n  #ifndef OPEN_TREE_CLONE\n  #define OPEN_TREE_CLONE 1\n  #endif\n  #ifndef OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC\n  #define OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC O_CLOEXEC\n  #endif\n  #ifndef MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH\n  #define MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH 0x00000004\n  #endif\n\n  #define WORK \"/tmp/uc\"\n  #define ADIR WORK \"/A\"\n\n  static int duration = 60, nwalkers = 3;\n  static atomic_int stop, writer_waiting;\n  static pthread_rwlock_t cur_lock = PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER;\n  static int cur_fd = -1;\t\t/* the root of A', -1 while there is none */\n  static atomic_long n_unlink, n_walk, n_mark, n_enoent, n_othe\n---truncated---","state":"PUBLISHED","assigner":"Linux","published_at":"2026-10-23 13:17:19","updated_at":"2026-10-23 13:17:19"},"problem_types":[],"metrics":[],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8189ab688f5a2c745dc90b63374da02f213d6994","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8189ab688f5a2c745dc90b63374da02f213d6994","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e2b10181d913b4efa3a8dc67a532f859aa5f95e0","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e2b10181d913b4efa3a8dc67a532f859aa5f95e0","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b43ff2deef48260bfbdc0dcb520f7929bd3e4007","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b43ff2deef48260bfbdc0dcb520f7929bd3e4007","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5f97df8ca7fadf5b53954f50073445ba193902c0","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5f97df8ca7fadf5b53954f50073445ba193902c0","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-98980","name":"CVE Program record","refsource":"CVE.ORG","tags":["canonical"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-98980","name":"NVD vulnerability detail","refsource":"NVD","tags":["canonical","analysis"]}],"affected":[{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 8ed936b5671bfb33d89bc60bdcc7cf0470ba52fe e2b10181d913b4efa3a8dc67a532f859aa5f95e0 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 8ed936b5671bfb33d89bc60bdcc7cf0470ba52fe 5f97df8ca7fadf5b53954f50073445ba193902c0 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 8ed936b5671bfb33d89bc60bdcc7cf0470ba52fe b43ff2deef48260bfbdc0dcb520f7929bd3e4007 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 8ed936b5671bfb33d89bc60bdcc7cf0470ba52fe 8189ab688f5a2c745dc90b63374da02f213d6994 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 3.18","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 3.18 semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 6.12.113 6.12.* semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 6.18.57 6.18.* semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 7.2.11 7.2.* semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 7.3 * original_commit_for_fix","platforms":[]}],"timeline":[],"solutions":[],"workarounds":[],"exploits":[],"credits":[],"nvd_cpes":[],"vendor_comments":[],"enrichments":{"kev":null,"epss":null,"legacy_qids":[]},"source_records":{"cve_program":{"containers":{"cna":{"affected":[{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","product":"Linux","programFiles":["fs/namei.c"],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","vendor":"Linux","versions":[{"lessThan":"e2b10181d913b4efa3a8dc67a532f859aa5f95e0","status":"affected","version":"8ed936b5671bfb33d89bc60bdcc7cf0470ba52fe","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"5f97df8ca7fadf5b53954f50073445ba193902c0","status":"affected","version":"8ed936b5671bfb33d89bc60bdcc7cf0470ba52fe","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"b43ff2deef48260bfbdc0dcb520f7929bd3e4007","status":"affected","version":"8ed936b5671bfb33d89bc60bdcc7cf0470ba52fe","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"8189ab688f5a2c745dc90b63374da02f213d6994","status":"affected","version":"8ed936b5671bfb33d89bc60bdcc7cf0470ba52fe","versionType":"git"}]},{"defaultStatus":"affected","product":"Linux","programFiles":["fs/namei.c"],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","vendor":"Linux","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"3.18"},{"lessThan":"3.18","status":"unaffected","version":"0","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.12.113","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.18.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.18.57","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"7.2.*","status":"unaffected","version":"7.2.11","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","version":"7.3","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"cpeMatch":[{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.113","versionStartIncluding":"3.18","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.18.57","versionStartIncluding":"3.18","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"7.2.11","versionStartIncluding":"3.18","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"7.3","versionStartIncluding":"3.18","vulnerable":true}],"negate":false,"operator":"OR"}]}],"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnamei: don't reveal overmounted entries in refwalk\n\nIn rcuwalk the dentry is validated before it is accepted. step_into()\nstep_into() rechecks d_seq and __follow_mount_rcu() rechecks mount_lock.\nAn entry that gets unlinked in between causes the lookup to retry and\nmiss.\n\nA refwalk doesn't do this. lookup_fast() takes a reference on the hashed\ndentry and simply accepts it. So an unlink that happens after the\nreference was taken isn't seen by refwalk. That's fine for a simple\nfile. We just happened to open it before it was unlinked, no problem.\n\nFor a mountpoint and specifically a locked mountpoint it very much\nisn't. The unlink detaches all mounts and then removes the name. Any\nrefwalk that hasn't traversed the mounts yet simply reveals the\nunderlying entry. It's a very narrow window but it can be hit:\n\n  reads of a covered file in 60 s, 3 walkers, ~15000 unlinks\n    no widening            27\n    that step + 200 us   3741\n\nSee the appended patch for a more reliable reproducer.\n\nSo check the entry after step_into(). unlink(), rmdir() and rename()\nmark the dentry with dont_mount() before they detach the mounts and\nremove the dentry.\n\nSo a dentry that is marked with DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT and is unhashed by the\ntime its mounts were looked at is a name that was unlinked under the\nrefwalk. DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT is read after the mounts were looked up and\nit is set before they are detached by detach_mounts(). A refwalk that\nmissed the mounts will see DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT.\n\nPlain d_unlinked() is fine. A rename takes the dentry off its hash chain\nbut ___d_drop() leaves d_hash.pprev set. So only __d_drop() and a rename\nover the dentry unhash it. The only move that flips IS_ROOT splices in a\ndisconnected alias. That doesn't have DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT set.\n\nAdd the to step_into_slowpath(). \"..\" and LOOKUP_DOWN may legitimately\nland on an unhashed directory. A refwalk that crossed onto a mount has\npath.mnt different from nd->path.mnt. A dentry that a filesystem dropped\non its own (d_invalidate(), d_drop()) doesn't have the flag set and is\ntreated as before.\n\n  // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0\n  /*\n   * unlink_covered: unlink a file that is a mountpoint in a detached copy of\n   * its mount, against walkers that open it through that copy.\n   *\n   * A is a tmpfs with the file f1 (content SECRET_F) and the plain file\n   * MARK_A. A' is an open_tree(OPEN_TREE_CLONE) copy of A with MARK_A bound\n   * on A'/f1, held through an O_PATH fd on its root once the tree fd is\n   * closed. Walkers open f1 through that fd while the driver unlinks A/f1,\n   * where nothing is mounted on it. A walker may read MARK_A or get ENOENT.\n   * A read of SECRET_F is a hit: the name was found after its mount was\n   * gone. The lockless walks use openat2(RESOLVE_CACHED).\n   *\n   * usage: unlink_covered [-t seconds] [-w walkers]\n   */\n  #ifndef _GNU_SOURCE\n  #define _GNU_SOURCE\n  #endif\n  #include <errno.h>\n  #include <fcntl.h>\n  #include <pthread.h>\n  #include <stdatomic.h>\n  #include <stdio.h>\n  #include <stdlib.h>\n  #include <string.h>\n  #include <unistd.h>\n  #include <sys/mount.h>\n  #include <sys/stat.h>\n  #include <sys/syscall.h>\n  #include <linux/openat2.h>\n\n  #ifndef __NR_open_tree\n  #define __NR_open_tree 428\n  #endif\n  #ifndef __NR_move_mount\n  #define __NR_move_mount 429\n  #endif\n  #ifndef __NR_openat2\n  #define __NR_openat2 437\n  #endif\n  #ifndef OPEN_TREE_CLONE\n  #define OPEN_TREE_CLONE 1\n  #endif\n  #ifndef OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC\n  #define OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC O_CLOEXEC\n  #endif\n  #ifndef MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH\n  #define MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH 0x00000004\n  #endif\n\n  #define WORK \"/tmp/uc\"\n  #define ADIR WORK \"/A\"\n\n  static int duration = 60, nwalkers = 3;\n  static atomic_int stop, writer_waiting;\n  static pthread_rwlock_t cur_lock = PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER;\n  static int cur_fd = -1;\t\t/* the root of A', -1 while there is none */\n  static atomic_long n_unlink, n_walk, n_mark, n_enoent, n_othe\n---truncated---"}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-10-23T12:19:53.838Z","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux"},"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e2b10181d913b4efa3a8dc67a532f859aa5f95e0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5f97df8ca7fadf5b53954f50073445ba193902c0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b43ff2deef48260bfbdc0dcb520f7929bd3e4007"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8189ab688f5a2c745dc90b63374da02f213d6994"}],"title":"namei: don't reveal overmounted entries in refwalk","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}}},"cveMetadata":{"assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","assignerShortName":"Linux","cveId":"CVE-2026-98980","datePublished":"2026-10-23T12:19:53.838Z","dateReserved":"2026-09-25T10:25:14.383Z","dateUpdated":"2026-10-23T12:19:53.838Z","state":"PUBLISHED"},"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2"},"nvd":{"publishedDate":"2026-10-23 13:17:19","lastModifiedDate":"2026-10-23 13:17:19","problem_types":[],"metrics":[],"configurations":[]},"legacy_mitre":{"record":{"CveYear":"2026","CveId":"98980","Ordinal":"1","Title":"namei: don't reveal overmounted entries in refwalk","CVE":"CVE-2026-98980","Year":"2026"},"notes":[{"CveYear":"2026","CveId":"98980","Ordinal":"1","NoteData":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnamei: don't reveal overmounted entries in refwalk\n\nIn rcuwalk the dentry is validated before it is accepted. step_into()\nstep_into() rechecks d_seq and __follow_mount_rcu() rechecks mount_lock.\nAn entry that gets unlinked in between causes the lookup to retry and\nmiss.\n\nA refwalk doesn't do this. lookup_fast() takes a reference on the hashed\ndentry and simply accepts it. So an unlink that happens after the\nreference was taken isn't seen by refwalk. That's fine for a simple\nfile. We just happened to open it before it was unlinked, no problem.\n\nFor a mountpoint and specifically a locked mountpoint it very much\nisn't. The unlink detaches all mounts and then removes the name. Any\nrefwalk that hasn't traversed the mounts yet simply reveals the\nunderlying entry. It's a very narrow window but it can be hit:\n\n  reads of a covered file in 60 s, 3 walkers, ~15000 unlinks\n    no widening            27\n    that step + 200 us   3741\n\nSee the appended patch for a more reliable reproducer.\n\nSo check the entry after step_into(). unlink(), rmdir() and rename()\nmark the dentry with dont_mount() before they detach the mounts and\nremove the dentry.\n\nSo a dentry that is marked with DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT and is unhashed by the\ntime its mounts were looked at is a name that was unlinked under the\nrefwalk. DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT is read after the mounts were looked up and\nit is set before they are detached by detach_mounts(). A refwalk that\nmissed the mounts will see DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT.\n\nPlain d_unlinked() is fine. A rename takes the dentry off its hash chain\nbut ___d_drop() leaves d_hash.pprev set. So only __d_drop() and a rename\nover the dentry unhash it. The only move that flips IS_ROOT splices in a\ndisconnected alias. That doesn't have DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT set.\n\nAdd the to step_into_slowpath(). \"..\" and LOOKUP_DOWN may legitimately\nland on an unhashed directory. A refwalk that crossed onto a mount has\npath.mnt different from nd->path.mnt. A dentry that a filesystem dropped\non its own (d_invalidate(), d_drop()) doesn't have the flag set and is\ntreated as before.\n\n  // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0\n  /*\n   * unlink_covered: unlink a file that is a mountpoint in a detached copy of\n   * its mount, against walkers that open it through that copy.\n   *\n   * A is a tmpfs with the file f1 (content SECRET_F) and the plain file\n   * MARK_A. A' is an open_tree(OPEN_TREE_CLONE) copy of A with MARK_A bound\n   * on A'/f1, held through an O_PATH fd on its root once the tree fd is\n   * closed. Walkers open f1 through that fd while the driver unlinks A/f1,\n   * where nothing is mounted on it. A walker may read MARK_A or get ENOENT.\n   * A read of SECRET_F is a hit: the name was found after its mount was\n   * gone. The lockless walks use openat2(RESOLVE_CACHED).\n   *\n   * usage: unlink_covered [-t seconds] [-w walkers]\n   */\n  #ifndef _GNU_SOURCE\n  #define _GNU_SOURCE\n  #endif\n  #include <errno.h>\n  #include <fcntl.h>\n  #include <pthread.h>\n  #include <stdatomic.h>\n  #include <stdio.h>\n  #include <stdlib.h>\n  #include <string.h>\n  #include <unistd.h>\n  #include <sys/mount.h>\n  #include <sys/stat.h>\n  #include <sys/syscall.h>\n  #include <linux/openat2.h>\n\n  #ifndef __NR_open_tree\n  #define __NR_open_tree 428\n  #endif\n  #ifndef __NR_move_mount\n  #define __NR_move_mount 429\n  #endif\n  #ifndef __NR_openat2\n  #define __NR_openat2 437\n  #endif\n  #ifndef OPEN_TREE_CLONE\n  #define OPEN_TREE_CLONE 1\n  #endif\n  #ifndef OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC\n  #define OPEN_TREE_CLOEXEC O_CLOEXEC\n  #endif\n  #ifndef MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH\n  #define MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH 0x00000004\n  #endif\n\n  #define WORK \"/tmp/uc\"\n  #define ADIR WORK \"/A\"\n\n  static int duration = 60, nwalkers = 3;\n  static atomic_int stop, writer_waiting;\n  static pthread_rwlock_t cur_lock = PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER;\n  static int cur_fd = -1;\t\t/* the root of A', -1 while there is none */\n  static atomic_long n_unlink, n_walk, n_mark, n_enoent, n_othe\n---truncated---","Type":"Description","Title":"namei: don't reveal overmounted entries in refwalk"}]}}}