{"api_version":"1","generated_at":"2026-11-12T01:43:16+00:00","cve":"CVE-2026-99285","urls":{"html":"https://cve.report/CVE-2026-99285","api":"https://cve.report/api/cve/CVE-2026-99285.json","docs":"https://cve.report/api","cve_org":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-99285","nvd":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-99285"},"summary":{"title":"netfilter: nft_byteorder: remove multi-register support","description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nft_byteorder: remove multi-register support\n\n64bit byteorder conversion is broken when several registers need to be\nconverted because the source register array advances in steps for 4 bytes\ninstead of 8:\n\n  for (i = ...\n      src64 = nft_reg_load64(&src[i]);\n                             ~~~~~ u32 *src\n      nft_reg_store64(&dst64[i],\n\nRemove the multi-register support, it has other issues as well:\n\nPablo points out that commit\ncaf3ef7468f7 (\"netfilter: nf_tables: prevent OOB access in nft_byteorder_eval\")\nalters semantics: before the loop operated on registers, i.e.\n for ( ... )\n   dst32[i] = htons((u16)src32[i])\n\n .. but after the patch it will operate on bytes, which makes this\n useless to convert e.g. concatenations, which store each compound\n in its own register.\n\nMulti-convert of u32 has one theoretical application:\n\nct mark . meta mark . tcp dport @intervalset\n\nBecause ct mark and meta mark are host byte order, use with\nintervals has to convert the byteorder for ct/meta mark value\nto network byte order (bigendian).\n\nnftables emits this:\n [ meta load mark => reg 1 ]\n [ byteorder reg 1 = hton(reg 1, 4, 4) ]\n [ ct load mark => reg 9 ]\n [ byteorder reg 9 = hton(reg 9, 4, 4) ]\n ...\n\nI.e. two separate calls.  Theoretically it could be changed to do:\n [ meta load mark => reg 1 ]\n [ ct load mark => reg 9 ]\n [ byteorder reg 1 = htonl(reg 1, 4, 8) ]\n ...\n\nBut then all it would take to change the set to\nmeta mark . tcp dport . ct mark\n\n... and we'd be back to two \"byteorder\" calls. IOW, support to\nconvert a range of registers is both dysfunctional and dubious.\n\nSimplify this: remove the feature.\n\nPablo Neira Ayuso points out that nftables before 1.1.0 can generate\nincorrect byteorder conversions, see 9fe58952c45a,\n\"evaluate: skip byteorder conversion for selector smaller than 2 bytes\"\nin nftables.git).  Affected rulesets fail to load with this change and\nold userspace due to 'len != size' check.","state":"PUBLISHED","assigner":"Linux","published_at":"2026-11-10 18:17:49","updated_at":"2026-11-10 18:17:49"},"problem_types":[],"metrics":[],"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3c5fb3a6c8118d15e60295e76fb5b879021eef43","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3c5fb3a6c8118d15e60295e76fb5b879021eef43","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dc29c0478b8564feb9371e715b5a0016eb8903fd","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dc29c0478b8564feb9371e715b5a0016eb8903fd","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bb061d3de41707415269be75ebf700efb03ec212","name":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bb061d3de41707415269be75ebf700efb03ec212","refsource":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","tags":[],"title":"","mime":"","httpstatus":"","archivestatus":"0"},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-99285","name":"CVE Program record","refsource":"CVE.ORG","tags":["canonical"]},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-99285","name":"NVD vulnerability detail","refsource":"NVD","tags":["canonical","analysis"]}],"affected":[{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected c301f0981fdd3fd1ffac6836b423c4d7a8e0eb63 3c5fb3a6c8118d15e60295e76fb5b879021eef43 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected c301f0981fdd3fd1ffac6836b423c4d7a8e0eb63 dc29c0478b8564feb9371e715b5a0016eb8903fd git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected c301f0981fdd3fd1ffac6836b423c4d7a8e0eb63 bb061d3de41707415269be75ebf700efb03ec212 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected fca41e5b687e029f69e3a35a2fa31e2560e538dc git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 25b42be4e067e107a2559266b54bf07fa5b094fb git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 9a865a11d6890d4a789db1eaafebdc8bd092b12c git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected b8b514b2a6cdfac24911e4910461bcb9db15ca8d git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 18a169810cff769a7a697b35058c756805f589e0 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 1a605657adc58b3c8e2c1c66aaa5fecd29072135 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 013deed31ab15ef287b0045e4e7bd8f250e75b94 git","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 4.19.307 4.20 semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 5.4.269 5.5 semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 5.10.210 5.11 semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 5.15.140 5.16 semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 6.1.64 6.2 semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 6.5.13 6.6 semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 6.6.3 6.7 semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"affected 6.7","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 6.7 semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 6.12.115 6.12.* semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 6.18.59 6.18.* semver","platforms":[]},{"source":"CNA","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","version":"unaffected 7.1 * original_commit_for_fix","platforms":[]}],"timeline":[],"solutions":[],"workarounds":[],"exploits":[],"credits":[],"nvd_cpes":[],"vendor_comments":[],"enrichments":{"kev":null,"epss":null,"legacy_qids":[]},"source_records":{"cve_program":{"containers":{"cna":{"affected":[{"defaultStatus":"unaffected","product":"Linux","programFiles":["net/netfilter/nft_byteorder.c"],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","vendor":"Linux","versions":[{"lessThan":"3c5fb3a6c8118d15e60295e76fb5b879021eef43","status":"affected","version":"c301f0981fdd3fd1ffac6836b423c4d7a8e0eb63","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"dc29c0478b8564feb9371e715b5a0016eb8903fd","status":"affected","version":"c301f0981fdd3fd1ffac6836b423c4d7a8e0eb63","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"bb061d3de41707415269be75ebf700efb03ec212","status":"affected","version":"c301f0981fdd3fd1ffac6836b423c4d7a8e0eb63","versionType":"git"},{"status":"affected","version":"fca41e5b687e029f69e3a35a2fa31e2560e538dc","versionType":"git"},{"status":"affected","version":"25b42be4e067e107a2559266b54bf07fa5b094fb","versionType":"git"},{"status":"affected","version":"9a865a11d6890d4a789db1eaafebdc8bd092b12c","versionType":"git"},{"status":"affected","version":"b8b514b2a6cdfac24911e4910461bcb9db15ca8d","versionType":"git"},{"status":"affected","version":"18a169810cff769a7a697b35058c756805f589e0","versionType":"git"},{"status":"affected","version":"1a605657adc58b3c8e2c1c66aaa5fecd29072135","versionType":"git"},{"status":"affected","version":"013deed31ab15ef287b0045e4e7bd8f250e75b94","versionType":"git"},{"lessThan":"4.20","status":"affected","version":"4.19.307","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThan":"5.5","status":"affected","version":"5.4.269","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThan":"5.11","status":"affected","version":"5.10.210","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThan":"5.16","status":"affected","version":"5.15.140","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThan":"6.2","status":"affected","version":"6.1.64","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThan":"6.6","status":"affected","version":"6.5.13","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThan":"6.7","status":"affected","version":"6.6.3","versionType":"semver"}]},{"defaultStatus":"affected","product":"Linux","programFiles":["net/netfilter/nft_byteorder.c"],"repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","vendor":"Linux","versions":[{"status":"affected","version":"6.7"},{"lessThan":"6.7","status":"unaffected","version":"0","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.12.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.12.115","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"6.18.*","status":"unaffected","version":"6.18.59","versionType":"semver"},{"lessThanOrEqual":"*","status":"unaffected","version":"7.1","versionType":"original_commit_for_fix"}]}],"cpeApplicability":[{"nodes":[{"cpeMatch":[{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.12.115","versionStartIncluding":"6.7","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"6.18.59","versionStartIncluding":"6.7","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionEndExcluding":"7.1","versionStartIncluding":"6.7","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"4.19.307","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.4.269","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.10.210","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"5.15.140","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.1.64","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.5.13","vulnerable":true},{"criteria":"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","versionStartIncluding":"6.6.3","vulnerable":true}],"negate":false,"operator":"OR"}]}],"descriptions":[{"lang":"en","value":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nft_byteorder: remove multi-register support\n\n64bit byteorder conversion is broken when several registers need to be\nconverted because the source register array advances in steps for 4 bytes\ninstead of 8:\n\n  for (i = ...\n      src64 = nft_reg_load64(&src[i]);\n                             ~~~~~ u32 *src\n      nft_reg_store64(&dst64[i],\n\nRemove the multi-register support, it has other issues as well:\n\nPablo points out that commit\ncaf3ef7468f7 (\"netfilter: nf_tables: prevent OOB access in nft_byteorder_eval\")\nalters semantics: before the loop operated on registers, i.e.\n for ( ... )\n   dst32[i] = htons((u16)src32[i])\n\n .. but after the patch it will operate on bytes, which makes this\n useless to convert e.g. concatenations, which store each compound\n in its own register.\n\nMulti-convert of u32 has one theoretical application:\n\nct mark . meta mark . tcp dport @intervalset\n\nBecause ct mark and meta mark are host byte order, use with\nintervals has to convert the byteorder for ct/meta mark value\nto network byte order (bigendian).\n\nnftables emits this:\n [ meta load mark => reg 1 ]\n [ byteorder reg 1 = hton(reg 1, 4, 4) ]\n [ ct load mark => reg 9 ]\n [ byteorder reg 9 = hton(reg 9, 4, 4) ]\n ...\n\nI.e. two separate calls.  Theoretically it could be changed to do:\n [ meta load mark => reg 1 ]\n [ ct load mark => reg 9 ]\n [ byteorder reg 1 = htonl(reg 1, 4, 8) ]\n ...\n\nBut then all it would take to change the set to\nmeta mark . tcp dport . ct mark\n\n... and we'd be back to two \"byteorder\" calls. IOW, support to\nconvert a range of registers is both dysfunctional and dubious.\n\nSimplify this: remove the feature.\n\nPablo Neira Ayuso points out that nftables before 1.1.0 can generate\nincorrect byteorder conversions, see 9fe58952c45a,\n\"evaluate: skip byteorder conversion for selector smaller than 2 bytes\"\nin nftables.git).  Affected rulesets fail to load with this change and\nold userspace due to 'len != size' check."}],"providerMetadata":{"dateUpdated":"2026-11-10T17:37:13.348Z","orgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","shortName":"Linux"},"references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3c5fb3a6c8118d15e60295e76fb5b879021eef43"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dc29c0478b8564feb9371e715b5a0016eb8903fd"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bb061d3de41707415269be75ebf700efb03ec212"}],"title":"netfilter: nft_byteorder: remove multi-register support","x_generator":{"engine":"bippy-1.2.0"}}},"cveMetadata":{"assignerOrgId":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67","assignerShortName":"Linux","cveId":"CVE-2026-99285","datePublished":"2026-11-10T17:37:13.348Z","dateReserved":"2026-09-25T10:25:14.405Z","dateUpdated":"2026-11-10T17:37:13.348Z","state":"PUBLISHED"},"dataType":"CVE_RECORD","dataVersion":"5.2"},"nvd":{"publishedDate":"2026-11-10 18:17:49","lastModifiedDate":"2026-11-10 18:17:49","problem_types":[],"metrics":[],"configurations":[]},"legacy_mitre":{"record":{"CveYear":"2026","CveId":"99285","Ordinal":"1","Title":"netfilter: nft_byteorder: remove multi-register support","CVE":"CVE-2026-99285","Year":"2026"},"notes":[{"CveYear":"2026","CveId":"99285","Ordinal":"1","NoteData":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nft_byteorder: remove multi-register support\n\n64bit byteorder conversion is broken when several registers need to be\nconverted because the source register array advances in steps for 4 bytes\ninstead of 8:\n\n  for (i = ...\n      src64 = nft_reg_load64(&src[i]);\n                             ~~~~~ u32 *src\n      nft_reg_store64(&dst64[i],\n\nRemove the multi-register support, it has other issues as well:\n\nPablo points out that commit\ncaf3ef7468f7 (\"netfilter: nf_tables: prevent OOB access in nft_byteorder_eval\")\nalters semantics: before the loop operated on registers, i.e.\n for ( ... )\n   dst32[i] = htons((u16)src32[i])\n\n .. but after the patch it will operate on bytes, which makes this\n useless to convert e.g. concatenations, which store each compound\n in its own register.\n\nMulti-convert of u32 has one theoretical application:\n\nct mark . meta mark . tcp dport @intervalset\n\nBecause ct mark and meta mark are host byte order, use with\nintervals has to convert the byteorder for ct/meta mark value\nto network byte order (bigendian).\n\nnftables emits this:\n [ meta load mark => reg 1 ]\n [ byteorder reg 1 = hton(reg 1, 4, 4) ]\n [ ct load mark => reg 9 ]\n [ byteorder reg 9 = hton(reg 9, 4, 4) ]\n ...\n\nI.e. two separate calls.  Theoretically it could be changed to do:\n [ meta load mark => reg 1 ]\n [ ct load mark => reg 9 ]\n [ byteorder reg 1 = htonl(reg 1, 4, 8) ]\n ...\n\nBut then all it would take to change the set to\nmeta mark . tcp dport . ct mark\n\n... and we'd be back to two \"byteorder\" calls. IOW, support to\nconvert a range of registers is both dysfunctional and dubious.\n\nSimplify this: remove the feature.\n\nPablo Neira Ayuso points out that nftables before 1.1.0 can generate\nincorrect byteorder conversions, see 9fe58952c45a,\n\"evaluate: skip byteorder conversion for selector smaller than 2 bytes\"\nin nftables.git).  Affected rulesets fail to load with this change and\nold userspace due to 'len != size' check.","Type":"Description","Title":"netfilter: nft_byteorder: remove multi-register support"}]}}}