Use-after-free / double-free of the root USB device in the experimental USB host stack

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Summary

CVECVE-2026-10663
StatePUBLISHED
Assignerzephyr
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2026-07-12 17:16:23 UTC
Updated2026-07-14 19:16:49 UTC
DescriptionIn Zephyr's experimental USB host stack (CONFIG_USB_HOST_STACK), usbh_device_disconnect() (subsys/usb/host/usbh_device.c) freed the root usb_device slab object without clearing the cached pointer ctx->root. The bus removal handler dev_removed_handler() (subsys/usb/host/usbh_core.c) decides what to tear down solely from ctx->root, checking only that it is non-NULL. Because UHC controller drivers (e.g. uhc_max3421e, uhc_mcux_common) synthesize UHC_EVT_DEV_REMOVED directly from physical bus line state with no debounce or state guard, an attacker with physical USB access (or a rogue device that bounces its connection) can deliver a second device-removed event after a root device disconnect. The handler then re-enters usbh_device_disconnect() with the dangling pointer, locking a mutex inside the freed object (use-after-free), removing the freed node from the device list, and calling k_mem_slab_free() on the already-freed block (double-free). If the slab block has been reissued to a newly attached device in between, this corrupts a live object. Impact is denial of service (crash) and memory corruption; the attack vector is physical/local. The flaw was introduced in v4.4.0 by the connect/disconnect refactor and is fixed by clearing ctx->root in usbh_device_disconnect() before freeing.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 6.1 MEDIUM from [email protected]

CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

EPSS: 0.001590000 probability, percentile 0.054050000 (date 2026-07-14)

Problem Types: CWE-416 | CWE-416 use-after-free

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1[email protected]Secondary6.1MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
3.1CNACVSS6.1MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Physical
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA Zephyrproject Zephyr affected 4.4.0 4.5.0 semver Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/security/advisories/GHSA-26q8-xjq3-... [email protected] github.com
github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/commit/4b87a8f161a44cb19505fa97db7c... [email protected] github.com
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