Timing side-channel in SM2 algorithm on 64 bit ARM

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Summary

CVECVE-2025-9231
StatePUBLISHED
Assigneropenssl
Source PriorityCVE Program / NVD first with legacy fallback
Published2025-09-30 14:15:41 UTC
Updated2026-05-12 13:17:29 UTC
DescriptionIssue summary: A timing side-channel which could potentially allow remote recovery of the private key exists in the SM2 algorithm implementation on 64 bit ARM platforms. Impact summary: A timing side-channel in SM2 signature computations on 64 bit ARM platforms could allow recovering the private key by an attacker.. While remote key recovery over a network was not attempted by the reporter, timing measurements revealed a timing signal which may allow such an attack. OpenSSL does not directly support certificates with SM2 keys in TLS, and so this CVE is not relevant in most TLS contexts. However, given that it is possible to add support for such certificates via a custom provider, coupled with the fact that in such a custom provider context the private key may be recoverable via remote timing measurements, we consider this to be a Moderate severity issue. The FIPS modules in 3.5, 3.4, 3.3, 3.2, 3.1 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue, as SM2 is not an approved algorithm.

Risk And Classification

Primary CVSS: v3.1 6.5 MEDIUM from ADP

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L

EPSS: 0.000210000 probability, percentile 0.061010000 (date 2026-05-12)

Problem Types: CWE-385 | CWE-385 CWE-385 Covert Timing Channel

VersionSourceTypeScoreSeverityVector
3.1ADPDECLARED6.5MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L
3.1134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0Secondary6.5MEDIUMCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L

CVSS v3.1 Breakdown

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
None
Availability
Low

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L

Vendor Declared Affected Products

SourceVendorProductVersionPlatforms
CNA OpenSSL OpenSSL affected 3.5.0 3.5.4 semver Not specified
CNA OpenSSL OpenSSL affected 3.4.0 3.4.3 semver Not specified
CNA OpenSSL OpenSSL affected 3.3.0 3.3.5 semver Not specified
CNA OpenSSL OpenSSL affected 3.2.0 3.2.6 semver Not specified
ADP Siemens RUGGEDCOM RST2428P affected V3.3 custom Not specified
ADP Siemens SCALANCE XC-300/XR-300/XC-400/XR-500WG/XR-500 Family affected V3.3 custom Not specified
ADP Siemens SCALANCE XCH328 affected V3.3 custom Not specified
ADP Siemens SCALANCE XCM324 affected V3.3 custom Not specified
ADP Siemens SCALANCE XCM328 affected V3.3 custom Not specified
ADP Siemens SCALANCE XCM332 affected V3.3 custom Not specified
ADP Siemens SCALANCE XRH334 24 V DC 8xFO CC affected V3.3 custom Not specified
ADP Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 230 V AC 12xFO affected V3.3 custom Not specified
ADP Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 230 V AC 8xFO affected V3.3 custom Not specified
ADP Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 230V AC 2x10G 24xSFP 8xSFP affected V3.3 custom Not specified
ADP Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 24 V DC 12xFO affected V3.3 custom Not specified
ADP Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 24 V DC 8xFO affected V3.3 custom Not specified
ADP Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 24V DC 2x10G 24xSFP 8xSFP affected V3.3 custom Not specified
ADP Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 2x230 V AC 12xFO affected V3.3 custom Not specified
ADP Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 2x230 V AC 8xFO affected V3.3 custom Not specified
ADP Siemens SCALANCE XRM334 2x230V AC 2x10G 24xSFP 8xSFP affected V3.3 custom Not specified
ADP Siemens SIMATIC CN 4100 affected V5.0 custom Not specified

References

ReferenceSourceLinkTags
www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/05/11/11 af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 www.openwall.com
cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-089022.html 0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e cert-portal.siemens.com
github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/cba616c26ac8e7b37de5e77762e505ba5ca51698 [email protected] github.com
openssl-library.org/news/secadv/20250930.txt [email protected] openssl-library.org
www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/09/30/5 af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 www.openwall.com
cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-032379.html 0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e cert-portal.siemens.com
github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/567f64386e43683888212226824b6a179885a0fe [email protected] github.com
github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/fc47a2ec078912b3e914fab5734535e76c4820c2 [email protected] github.com
github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/eed5adc9f969d77c94f213767acbb41ff923b6f4 [email protected] github.com
CVE Program record CVE.ORG www.cve.org canonical
NVD vulnerability detail NVD nvd.nist.gov canonical, analysis

Vendor Comments And Credit

Discovery Credit

CNA: Stanislav Fort (Aisle Research) (en)

CNA: Stanislav Fort (Aisle Research) (en)

CNA: Tomas Mraz (en)

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